Phenomenological Review on Quark-Gluon Plasma: Concepts vs. Observations

0474566 - ÚJF 2018 RIV CH eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Pasechnik, R. - Šumbera, Michal
Phenomenological Review on Quark-Gluon Plasma: Concepts vs. Observations.
Universe. Roč. 3, č. 1 (2017), č. článku 7. E-ISSN 2218-1997
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT(CZ) LG13031; GA ČR GA13-20841S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:61389005
Klíčová slova: extreme states of matter * heavy ion collisions * QCD critical point * quark-gluon plasma * saturation phenomena * QCD vacuum
Obor OECD: Particles and field physics

In this review, we present an up-to-date phenomenological summary of research developments in the physics of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). A short historical perspective and theoretical motivation for this rapidly developing field of contemporary particle physics is provided. In addition, we introduce and discuss the role of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ground state, non-perturbative and lattice QCD results on the QGP properties, as well as the transport models used to make a connection between theory and experiment. The experimental part presents the selected results on bulk observables, hard and penetrating probes obtained in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion experiments carried out at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (BNL RHIC) and CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) accelerators. We also give a brief overview of new developments related to the ongoing searches of the QCD critical point and to the collectivity in small (p + p and p + A) systems.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0271588