Keeping good separation properties of spiral wound membrane module for carbon dioxide separation from raw biogas

0576819 - ÚCHP 2024 RIV IT eng C - Konferenční příspěvek (zahraniční konf.)
Morávková, Lenka - Šnajdaufová, Hana - Petrusová, Zuzana - Kaštánek, František - Šolcová, Olga
Keeping good separation properties of spiral wound membrane module for carbon dioxide separation from raw biogas.
Padova: EUROWASTE, 2023. In: Symposium Proceedings. Padova: EUROWASTE Srl, 2023, č. článku F03. ISBN 9788862650335. ISSN 2282-0027.
[International Symposium on Waste Management and Suustainable Landfilling SARDINIA 2023. Cagliari (IT), 09.10.2023-13.10.2023]
Grant CEP: GA TA ČR(CZ) TN02000044
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985858
Klíčová slova: biogas * carbon dioxide * membrane separation
Obor OECD: Chemical process engineering

Concerning current energetic situation all over the word, renewable energy sources are demanded. Raw biogas is the product of biochemical process of biomass and can be obtained for example from sewage plant or agro processes. Biogas is one interesting candidate as a gaseous biofuel that can partially replace fossil fuels. Except membrane separation process, biogas upgrading can be realised via various methods such as water scrubbing, polyethylene glycol scrubbing, absorption of contaminants using molecular sieves, or pressure-swing absorption. The heating value of biofuel is improved when the carbon dioxide is removed successfully from raw biogas. Bio-methane is utilized then as CNG car fuel or for heating of a greenhouse or a farm. Another important fact is various possibility for using separated carbon dioxide in various applications such as supercritical extraction of biological materials or growing algae. Therefore, the biogas upgrading is almost zero-waste process when membrane separation is applied. Carbon dioxide can be removed from a raw biogas via membrane separation based on the commercially available spiral wound membrane module. The selective layer is usually polyamide thin film on the top of porous support in the membrane module. The selective layer is swollen by water presented in raw biogas as well as water-controlled amount of water vapour from humidifier. Carbon dioxide is then preferentially transported through the membrane thanks to a significantly higher solubility in water than that of methane. The key factor is continuous refreshing of selective layer by water from a feed stream and diffusing to the permeate stream. In time, water over-saturation can happen by a sorbed molecules of carbon dioxide. Another process complication is a partly drying of a membrane during continuous running of the
separation with time. Therefore, the separation properties of the membrane modules can be lost. However, such a problem was easily solved by a membrane module refreshing by a flush out the water over-saturated by carbon dioxide. Therefore, biogas purification can be a continuous process when at least two membrane modules are used: one separates raw biogas while another one is refreshed.
Trvalý link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0346216