A non-destructive analytical study of cultural heritage object from Late Antiquity: gold framework and gemstone inlays

0568751 - ÚGN 2024 RIV GB eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Hanus, R. - Sobek, K. - Souček, Kamil - Staš, Lubomír - Georgiou, Lucie - Selucká, A.
A non-destructive analytical study of cultural heritage object from Late Antiquity: gold framework and gemstone inlays.
Heritage Science. Roč. 11, February 2023 (2023), č. článku 33. ISSN 2050-7445. E-ISSN 2050-7445
Institucionální podpora: RVO:68145535
Klíčová slova: gemstone * gold * micro-Raman spectrosco * X-ray computed tomograph * Late Antique
Obor OECD: Archaeology
Impakt faktor: 2.5, rok: 2022
Způsob publikování: Open access
https://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40494-023-00874-y

Recently found historical jewellery (Czech Republic) was subjected to detailed analyses to determine the gem inlays and the gold framework in which they are embedded. Such find fits into European jewellery archaeological artefacts containing similar stones from around the fifth century CE. The gemstones were analysed with optical microscopy and Raman micro-spectroscopy to determine their mineralogical characteristics and to find out typical structural-chemical differences based on which their provenance can be found. The results of this measurement discovered two main types of minerals from the garnet group, almandine and pyrope, where pyropes have been identified as Bohemian garnets thanks to the typical photoluminescence (PL) of chromium and vanadium impurities. The craftsmanship and processing of the goldsmith work were studied using X-ray computed tomography. Such a technique is an excellent contribution for detecting and visualising the internal parts hidden behind the placement of the stones. For this reason, 3D visualisation was used to describe and better understand all preserved parts. According to this object's very high cultural and historical value, the chosen methods are suitable for non-destructive study while proving to be essential to deepen our knowledge in archaeometric investigations focused on jewellery from Late Antiquity (with possible application to the jewellery from other periods). Based on the findings presented in this study, it is one of the world's oldest documented items using Bohemian garnets in jewellery. These findings underscore the tremendous economic and political importance of Bohemian garnet mineral resources altogether, with a second completely different type of garnet believed to have originated in distant India or Sri Lanka that was used in jewellery across Europe in Late Antiquity.
Trvalý link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0340014