Protection provided by vaccination, booster doses and previous infection against covid-19 infection, hospitalisation or death over time in Czechia

0559273 - BC 2023 RIV US eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Berec, Luděk - Šmíd, Martin - Přibylová, L. - Májek, O. - Pavlík, T. - Jarkovský, J. - Zajíček, Milan - Weiner, J. - Barusová, Tamara - Trnka, J.
Protection provided by vaccination, booster doses and previous infection against covid-19 infection, hospitalisation or death over time in Czechia.
PLoS ONE. Roč. 17, č. 7 (2022), č. článku e0270801. ISSN 1932-6203. E-ISSN 1932-6203
Institucionální podpora: RVO:60077344 ; RVO:67985556 ; RVO:67985807
Klíčová slova: reinfection * SARS-COV-2 * vaccination
Obor OECD: Epidemiology; Statistics and probability (UTIA-B); Statistics and probability (UIVT-O)
Impakt faktor: 3.7, rok: 2022
Způsob publikování: Open access
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270801

Studies demonstrating the waning of post-vaccination and post-infection immunity against covid-19 generally analyzed a limited range of vaccines or subsets of populations. Using Czech national health data from the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic till November 20, 2021 we estimated the risks of reinfection, breakthrough infection, hospitalization and death by a Cox regression adjusted for sex, age, vaccine type and vaccination status. Vaccine effectiveness against infection declined from 87% at 0-2 months after the second dose to 53% at 7-8 months for BNT162b2 vaccine, from 90% at 0-2 months to 65% at 7-8 months for mRNA-1273, and from 83% at 0-2 months to 55% at 5-6 months for the ChAdOx1-S. Effectiveness against hospitalization and deaths declined by about 15% and 10%, respectively, during the first 6-8 months. Boosters (third dose) returned the protection to the levels observed shortly after dose 2. In unvaccinated, previously infected individuals the protection against infection declined from 97% after 2 months to 72% at 18 months. Our results confirm the waning of vaccination-induced immunity against infection and a smaller decline in the protection against hospitalization and death. Boosting restores the original vaccine effectiveness. Post-infection immunity also decreases over time.
Trvalý link: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0333833