Air Pollution Modelling by Machine Learning Methods

0548678 - ÚI 2022 RIV CH eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Vidnerová, Petra - Neruda, Roman
Air Pollution Modelling by Machine Learning Methods.
Modelling. Roč. 2, č. 4 (2021), s. 659-674. E-ISSN 2673-3951
Grant CEP: GA ČR(CZ) GA18-23827S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985807
Klíčová slova: machine learning * air pollution * sensors * deep neural networks * regularization networks
Obor OECD: Computer sciences, information science, bioinformathics (hardware development to be 2.2, social aspect to be 5.8)
Způsob publikování: Open access
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/modelling2040035

Precise environmental modelling of pollutants distributions represents a key factor for addresing the issue of urban air pollution. Nowadays, urban air pollution monitoring is primarily carried out by employing sparse networks of spatially distributed fixed stations. The work in this paper aims at improving the situation by utilizing machine learning models to process the outputs of multi-sensor devices that are small, cheap, albeit less reliable, thus a massive urban deployment of those devices is possible. The main contribution of the paper is the design of a mathematical model providing sensor fusion to extract the information and transform it into the desired pollutant concentrations. Multi-sensor outputs are used as input information for a particular machine learning model trained to produce the CO, NO2, and NOx concentration estimates. Several state-of-the-art machine learning methods, including original algorithms proposed by the authors, are utilized in this study: kernel methods, regularization networks, regularization networks with composite kernels, and deep neural networks. All methods are augmented with a proper hyper-parameter search to achieve the optimal performance for each model. All the methods considered achieved vital results, deep neural networks exhibited the best generalization ability, and regularization networks with product kernels achieved the best fitting of the training set.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0324730