The GEOMON network of Czech catchments provides long-term insights into altered forest biogeochemistry: From acid atmospheric deposition to climate change

0543491 - ÚVGZ 2022 RIV US eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Oulehle, Filip - Fischer, Milan - Hruška, Jakub - Chuman, Tomáš - Krám, Pavel - Navrátil, Tomáš - Tesař, Miroslav - Trnka, Miroslav
The GEOMON network of Czech catchments provides long-term insights into altered forest biogeochemistry: From acid atmospheric deposition to climate change.
Hydrological Processes. Roč. 35, č. 5 (2021), č. článku e14204. ISSN 0885-6087. E-ISSN 1099-1085
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT(CZ) EF16_019/0000797
Výzkumná infrastruktura: CzeCOS III - 90123
Institucionální podpora: RVO:86652079 ; RVO:67985831 ; RVO:67985874
Klíčová slova: generic biomass functions * beech fagus-sylvatica * nitrogen deposition * central-europe * inorganic nitrogen * soil carbon * recovery * chemistry * water * acidification * acidification * climate change * drought * eutrophication * forest ecosystem * nitrogen * stream * sulphur
Obor OECD: Water resources; Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7) (GLU-S); Hydrology (UH-J)
Impakt faktor: 3.784, rok: 2021
Způsob publikování: Omezený přístup
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.14204

In 1994, a network of small catchments (GEOMON) was established in the Czech Republic to determine input-output element fluxes in semi-natural forest ecosystems recovering from anthropogenic acidification. The network consists from 16 catchments and the primary observations of elements fluxes were complemented by monitoring of biomass stock, element pools in soil and vegetation, and the main water balance components. Over last three decades, reductions of SO2, NOx and NH3 emissions were followed by sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition reductions of 75% and 30%, respectively. Steeper declines of strong acid anion concentrations compared to cations (Ca, Mg, Na, K, NH4) in precipitation resulted in precipitation pH increase from 4.5 to 5.2 in bulk precipitation and from 4.0 to 5.1 in spruce throughfall. Stream chemistry responded to changes in deposition: S leaching declined. However at majority of catchments soils acted as a net source of S to runoff, delaying recovery. Stream pH increased at acidic streams (pH < 6) and aluminium concentration decreased. Stream nitrate (NO3) concentration declined by 60%, considerably more than N deposition. Stream NO3 concentration was tightly positively related to stream total dissolved nitrogen to total phosphorus (P) ratio, suggesting the role of P availability on N retention. Trends in dissolved organic carbon fluxes responded to both acidification recovery and to runoff temporal variation. An exceptional drought occurred between 2014 and 2019. Over this recent period, streamflow decreased by approximate to 40% on average compared to 1990s, due to the increases of soil evaporation and vegetation transpiration by approximate to 30% and declines in precipitation by approximate to 15% on average across the elevational gradient. Sharp decreases of stream runoff at catchments <650 m a.s.l. corresponded to areas of recent forest decline caused by bark beetle infestation on drought stressed spruce forests. Understanding of the interactions among legacies of acidification and eutrophication, drought effects on the water cycle and forest disturbance dynamics is requisite for effective management of forested ecosystems under anthropogenic influence.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0320683