Competition among native and invasive Phragmites australis populations: an experimental test of the effects of invasion status, genome size, and ploidy level

0533083 - BÚ 2021 RIV US eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Pyšek, Petr - Čuda, Jan - Šmilauer, P. - Skálová, Hana - Chumová, Zuzana - Lambertini, C. - Lučanová, Magdalena - Ryšavá, H. - Trávníček, Pavel - Šemberová, Kristýna - Meyerson, L. A.
Competition among native and invasive Phragmites australis populations: an experimental test of the effects of invasion status, genome size, and ploidy level.
Ecology and Evolution. Roč. 10, č. 3 (2020), s. 1106-1118. ISSN 2045-7758. E-ISSN 2045-7758
Grant CEP: GA ČR(CZ) GX19-28807X; GA ČR(CZ) GA14-15414S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985939
Klíčová slova: competition * invasion * genome size
Obor OECD: Ecology
Impakt faktor: 2.881, rok: 2020
Způsob publikování: Open access
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5907

Among the traits whose relevance for plant invasions has recently been suggested are genome size (the amount of nuclear DNA) and ploidy level. So far, research on the role of genome size in invasiveness has been mostly based on indirect evidence by comparing species with different genome sizes, but how karyological traits influence competition at the intraspecific level remains unknown. We addressed these questions in a common-garden experiment evaluating the outcome of direct intraspecific competition among 20 populations of Phragmites australis, represented by clones collected in North America and Europe, and differing in their status (native and invasive), genome size (small and large), and ploidy levels (tetraploid, hexaploid, or octoploid). The performance of the clones in competition primarily depended on the clone status (native vs. invasive). Measured in terms of shoot number or aboveground biomass, the strongest signal observed was that North American native clones always lost in competition to the other two groups. In addition, North American native clones were suppressed by European natives to a similar degree as by North American invasives. North American invasive clones had the largest average shoot biomass, but only by a limited, nonsignificant difference due to genome size. There was no effect of ploidy on competition. Since the North American invaders of European origin are able to outcompete the native North American clones, we suggest that their high competitiveness acts as an important driver in the early stages of their invasion.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0313606