Wooden well at the first farmers’ settlement area in Uničov, Czech Republic

0532696 - ARÚ 2021 RIV CZ eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Vostrovská, I. - Petřík, J. - Petr, L. - Kočár, Petr - Kočárová, R. - Hradílek, Z. - Kašák, J. - Sůvová, Z. - Adameková, K. - Vaněček, Z. - Peška, J. - Muigg, B. - Rybníček, M. - Kolář, T. - Tegel, W. - Kalábek, M. - Kalábková, P.
Wooden well at the first farmers’ settlement area in Uničov, Czech Republic.
Památky archeologické. Roč. 111, prosinec (2020), s. 61-111. ISSN 0031-0506
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985912
Klíčová slova: wooden well * past environment * subsistence strategy * Linearbandkeramik * Uničov * eastern Central Europe
Obor OECD: Archaeology
Způsob publikování: Open access
https://www.arup.cas.cz/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/PA_2020_02.pdf

Some of the most extraordinary finds from the Early Neolithic period are wooden wells. These constructions permit unusual insights into Neolithic settlements, their subsistence and environment, as well as into the surrounding landscape. A recent excavation of a Neolithic settlement at Uničov in central Moravia, Czech Republic, yielded the discovery of a wooden well with a sediment infill from the beginning of the Neolithic period and allowed to study an array of topics by a multi-proxy approach using a set of complementary methods. Our study of the wooden lining demonstrates the carpeting skills of the first farmers, required also for building so-called ‘longhouses’. By comparing dendrochronological and radiocarbon dating, we estimated the time span of the well’s existence. The construction was used repeatedly over a longer time and was finally filled in intentionally. Studies of the well’s infill shed light on its usage and decline, providing a great proxy for the study of living dynamics and handling of waste in a Neolithic village. The environmental record extracted from botanical residues indicates that the immediate surroundings of the settlement were covered by an open-canopy woodland with a dominance of oak and hazel, and a large proportion of open habitats, whereas the surrounding landscape was not noticeably affected by humans.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0311199