Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways

0523495 - ÚMG 2020 RIV CZ eng M - Část monografie knihy
Svoboda, Petr
Extracellular small RNAs and their transfer between species and kingdoms.
Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways. Praha: Karolinum, 2019 - (Svoboda, P.), s. 1-339. ISBN 978-80-246-4372-4
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT LO1220
Institucionální podpora: RVO:68378050
Klíčová slova: dsRNA * siRNA * miRNA * xenomiR * systemic RNAi * environmental RNAi
Obor OECD: Biology (theoretical, mathematical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), Evolutionary biology

RNA silencing is a common term for mechanisms where small RNAs guide repression of other RNAs (mRNAs, retrotransposon RNAs, viral RNAs) in a sequence-specific manner. RNA silencing exists among eukaryotic organisms where the core mechanisms evolved into many variants with different biological functions. The two most common RNA silencing pathways are microRNA (miRNA) and RNA interference (RNAi). While the miRNA pathway serves for negative regulation of endogenous genes, RNAi pathway usually functions as a form of protection against parasitic sequences although it also target endogenous genes in some cases. Notably, RNA silencing does not operate in a cell-autonomous manner. In a number of cases, small RNAs were detected in extracellular environment and were observed to pass through cells and oven be transferred between organisms. This review provides an overview “mobile” small RNAs, with a particular focus on miRNAs and short interfering RNAs (siRNA) of the RNAi pathways, which exert their effects in different species than they originate from.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0307858