The measurement of the heterogeneous particles in the steam

0522234 - ÚT 2020 RIV CZ eng C - Konferenční příspěvek (zahraniční konf.)
Bartoš, Ondřej - Hrubý, Jan - Ždímal, Vladimír - Kolovratník, Michal - Jiříček, I. - Moravec, Pavel - Zíková, Naděžda
The measurement of the heterogeneous particles in the steam.
Sborník XX. výroční konference České aerosolové společnosti,. Praha: Česká aerosolová společnost, 2019 - (Vlčková, L.), s. 82-87. ISBN 978-80-270-6416-8.
[Výroční konference České aerosolové společnosti /20./. Velké Bílovice (CZ), 30.10.2019-01.11.2019]
Grant CEP: GA ČR(CZ) GA17-19798S; GA TA ČR(CZ) TN01000007
Institucionální podpora: RVO:61388998 ; RVO:67985858
Klíčová slova: heterogeneous nucleation * steam turbine * ultrafine aerosol particles
Obor OECD: Mechanical engineering; Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7) (UCHP-M)
http://cas.icpf.cas.cz/download/Sbornik_VKCAS_2019.pdf

The aim of this extended abstract is to reveal the work done as cooperation between several institutions which was presented and published in recent years (Kolovratník, 2014). The formation of droplets in low-pressure steam turbines has a significant impact on the efficiency of energy conversion due to the strongly nonequilibrium nature of this process . The condensed water also erodes the turbine blades. A very important question is to what extent heterogeneous nucleation contributes to the phase transition process . In the case of heterogeneous nucleation , the number of droplets depends only on the number of h eterogeneous particles in the system, whereas in the case of homogeneous nucleation, the number of created droplets is determined rather by the expansion rate - in a faster expansion, greater supersaturation and more droplets are formed until the released condensation enthalpy quenches the nucleation.
The specific number of droplets (number of droplets per unit mass of steam) formed in the turbine can be determined by optical probes, developed first by Walters and later in the Czech Republic improved by Petr and Kolovratník. Until recently, no information was available on the relative importance of heterogeneous nucleation in forming these droplets.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0306862