Nanostructures in Biomedicine: Their Regenerative and toxic properties

0499414 - ÚEM 2019 RIV CZ eng M - Část monografie knihy
Brzicová, Táňa - Topinka, Jan - Rössner ml., Pavel
Biomedical Applications and Toxicity of Carbon Dots: Minireview.
Nanostructures in Biomedicine: Their Regenerative and toxic properties. Praha 3: Proxima Tisk, s.r.o., 2018 - (Pamula, E.), s. 39-47. ISBN 978-80-906655-7-6
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1508
Institucionální podpora: RVO:68378041
Klíčová slova: carbon dots * nanomedicine * bioimaging
Obor OECD: Cell biology

Carbon dots (CDs) are a new class of nanocarbon materials. The typical features of CDs are their extremely small size (2 – 10 nm), the spherical shape, the composition of amorphous or crystalline carbon, and unique optical properties, especially photoluminescence (the emission of light after absorption of a photon). Moreover, CDs are photochemically stable, hydrophilic, pH sensitive, and exhibit good biocompatibility. For the first time, they were synthesized accidentally in 2004 as a by-product during the purification of single-walled carbon nanotubes using electrophoresis. Since then, various methods have been explored to produce CDs of desired properties. Among the broad spectrum of potential uses of CDs, biological applications are the most often studied. Combination of the outstanding properties mentioned above makes CDs perfect candidates for bioimaging, biosensoring, drug delivery and biolabelling. Due to their biocompatibility, CDs represent a benign alternative to quantum dot-like fluorescent nanomaterials whose main disadvantage is the presence of toxic metals and related toxic effects. The present chapter offers a brief introduction into the unique properties of CDs, the possibilities of their modification and tuning during synthesis and post-synthetic steps and the main biomedical application areas of CDs. Although biocompatibility represents one of the main features of CDs, the importance of studying their potetial toxicity is highlighted and the main findings from in vitro and in vivo toxicological experiments are summarized. Furthermore, studies on CDs unintentionally produced as by-products of processing food and naturally present CDs in food and beverages and their potential toxicity are reviwed. Finally, opportunities as well as challenges in CD synthesis and applications are discussed.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0293443