Genomic imprinting mediates dosage compensation in a young plant XY system

0495629 - ÚEB 2019 RIV GB eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Muyle, A. - Zemp, N. - Fruchard, C. - Čegan, R. - Vrána, Jan - Deschamps, C. - Tavares, R. - Hobza, Roman - Picard, F. - Widmer, A. - Marais, G.A.B.
Genomic imprinting mediates dosage compensation in a young plant XY system.
Nature Plants. Roč. 4, č. 9 (2018), s. 677-680. ISSN 2055-026X. E-ISSN 2055-0278
Grant CEP: GA ČR GA16-08698S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:61389030
Klíčová slova: y-chromosome degeneration * biased gene-expression * sex-chromosomes * evolution * inactivation * patterns * mammals * facts * model
Obor OECD: Plant sciences, botany
Impakt faktor: 13.297, rok: 2018

Sex chromosomes have repeatedly evolved from a pair of autosomes. Consequently, X and Y chromosomes initially have similar gene content, but ongoing Y degeneration leads to reduced expression and eventual loss of Y genes(1). The resulting imbalance in gene expression between Y genes and the rest of the genome is expected to reduce male fitness, especially when protein networks have components from both autosomes and sex chromosomes. A diverse set of dosage compensating mechanisms that alleviates these negative effects has been described in animals(2-4). However, the early steps in the evolution of dosage compensation remain unknown, and dosage compensation is poorly understood in plants(5). Here, we describe a dosage compensation mechanism in the evolutionarily young XY sex determination system of the plant Silene latifolia. Genomic imprinting results in higher expression from the maternal X chromosome in both males and females. This compensates for reduced Y expression in males, but results in X overexpression in females and may be detrimental. It could represent a transient early stage in the evolution of dosage compensation. Our finding has striking resemblance to the first stage proposed by Ohno(6) for the evolution of X inactivation in mammals.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0288570