Ľ insegnamento domenicano a Roma (1909-2009)

0491144 - FLÚ 2019 RIV IT ita J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Jindráček, Efrem
Ľ insegnamento domenicano a Roma (1909-2009).
[The Dominican Teaching in Rome (1909-2009).]
Angelicum. Roč. 94, č. 3 (2017), s. 529-550. ISSN 1123-5772
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985955
Klíčová slova: The Dominican Order * Pontifical University St. Thomas Aquinas * Thomism * Rome * University La Sapienza in Rome * Teaching * Religious Orders * Master of Sacred Palace * Casanatense Library
Obor OECD: Education, general; including training, pedagogy, didactics [and education systems]

L’Ordine dei Predicatori (chiamato informalmente anche i Domenicani) ebbe dalla fondazione del 1216 come principale finalità la “predicazione e la salvezza delle anime.” La “predicazione” fu pensata fin dall’inizio in un senso molto largo, intendendola anche come diversi tipi di insegnamento dottrinale per il sostegno della fede cattolica, per la sua difesa scientifica e per la contemplazione intellettuale: insomma per “l’utilità al prossimo”. Questo insegnamento era dall’inizio prevalentemente teologico e successivamente si allargò verso la filosofia, il diritto canonico ed altre scienze umanistiche. A Roma i Domenico hanno trovato storicamente cinque istituzioni importanti, distinti per la loro presenza ed insegnamento: si tratta del Convento di Santa Sabina all’Aventino (1265-), la Corte Papale dove i frati svolgono dal 1235 il ministero del Maestro del Sacro Palazzo, chiamato dal 1968 Teologo della Casa Pontificia, l’insegnamento presso il Collegio Casanatense (1700-1873) ed una notevole presenza all’Università di Roma, La Sapienza tra 1303 e 1870. Il più importante ruolo ha il Collegium Divi Thomae de Urbe fondato nel 1577 presso il convento Santa Maria sopra Minerva, trasformato nel 1906 ad un Collegio Pontificio e nel 1963 nella Pontificia Università San Tommaso d’Aquino (Pontificia Studiorum Universitas a Sancto Thoma Aquinate in Urbe) chiamata semplicemente Angelicum, composto attualmente dalle quattro facoltà e diversi istituti educativi e di ricerca: The Faculty of Theology was founded in 1727 by Pope Benedict XIII, the Faculty of Philosophy (1882-) and of Canon Law (1896) founded by the Leone XIII altarpiece, to which the Faculty of Social Sciences was added in 1974, developed into a homonym institute of 1952. Tra gli istituti più importanti ricordiamo l’Istituto di spiritualità (1950) e l’Istituto di Scienze Sociali (1952), l’Istituto Superiore delle Scienze Religiose Mater Ecclesiae incorporato nel 1972. Questa università arrivò nel 2009 in totale a 1206 uditori provenienti da 95 paesi. L’insegnamento dei Domenicani a Roma si distinse fin dall’inizio, sia per volere delle autorità dello stesso ordine religioso sia per le direttive dei romani pontefici, per un chiaro orientamento alla dottrina di Tommaso d’Aquino. Questo orientamento, tuttavia, durante la storia è cambiato più volte nelle forme e nei modi, ma fino ai nostri giorni trova una interessante sintesi tra le norme generali degli studi ecclesiastici e quegli accenti particolari, tipici per la scuola domenicana.

The Order of Preachers (also informally called the Dominicans), since its foundation in 1216, has had as its main purpose “preaching and the salvation of souls.” “Preaching” was intended from the beginning in a very wide sense, considering it also as different types of doctrinal teaching in support of the Catholic faith, for its scientific defense and for intellectual contemplation: in short, for “usefulness to others.” This teaching was predominantly theological from the beginning and subsequently spread to philosophy, canon law, and other humanities. In Rome, the Dominicans have historically had five important institutions, distinguished by their presence and teaching: they are the Convent of Santa Sabina all’Aventino (1265-), the Papal Court where the friars have carried out the ministry of the Master of the Sacred Palace since 1235, called after 1968 the Theologian of the Pontifical Household, teaching at the Collegio Casanatense (1700-1873), and a considerable presence at the University of Rome, La Sapienza from 1303 to 1870. The most important role is that of the Collegium Divi Thomae de Urbe, founded in 1577 at the convent of Santa Maria sopra Minerva and transformed in 1906 into a Pontifical College and, in 1963, into the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Pontificia Studiorum Universitas a Sancto Thoma Aquinate in Urbe), simply called the Angelicum, currently composed of four faculties and several educational and research institutes: the Faculty of Theology was founded in 1727 by Pope Benedict XIII, the Faculty of Philosophy (1882-) and the Faculty of Canon Law (1896-) were founded by Leo XIII, to these was added the Faculty of Social Sciences in 1974, which developed from a homonymous institute from 1952. Among the most important institutes we recall the Institute of Spirituality (1950), the Institute of Social Sciences (1952), and the Superior Institute of Religious Sciences, Mater Ecclesiae, incorporated in 1972. This university in 2009 reached a total of 1,206 students from 95 countries. The teaching of the Dominicans in Rome has been distinguished from the beginning, both by will of the authorities of the same religious order and the directives of the Roman pontiffs, by a clear orientation to the teaching of Thomas Aquinas. This orientation, however, throughout history, has repeatedly changed in its forms and modes, but up until today it has found an interesting synthesis between the general norms of ecclesiastical studies and those particular accents typical of the Dominican school.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0286605