Polydatin and its derivatives inhibit fatty acid desaturases in microorganisms

0475876 - MBÚ 2018 RIV US eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Řezanka, Tomáš - Vítová, Milada - Kolouchová, I. - Nedbalová, L. - Doležalová, J. - Palyzová, Andrea - Sigler, Karel
Polydatin and its derivatives inhibit fatty acid desaturases in microorganisms.
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology. Roč. 119, č. 6 (2017), s. 1-11, č. článku 1600369. ISSN 1438-7697. E-ISSN 1438-9312
Grant CEP: GA ČR GA14-00227S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:61388971
Klíčová slova: Algae * Inhibitors * Polydatin
Obor OECD: Microbiology
Impakt faktor: 2.200, rok: 2017

Antioxidant plant polyphenols resveratrol and its glycoside polydatin at 500g/L were found to have two distinct effects on yeasts and algae depending on the cell content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). In yeasts that do not produce PUFA, resveratrol (0.5mg/L) increased resistance to biosynthesized ethanol (an important property in winemaking) to 22% EtOH in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 14% EtOH in Torulaspora delbruckii, the fatty acid content being changed only slightly, whereas in the PUFA-producing algae Desmodesmus quadricauda and Euglena gracilis both compounds act as inhibitors of 4 desaturases blocking the formation of both even- and odd-numbered PUFA having the first double-bond in position 4. This leads to the biotechnologically desirable accumulation of the health-beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Practical applications: Employing natural stilbene compounds has far-reaching use in biotechnological applications such as the production of ethanol used for biofuels or production of wine and beer. It allows the production of beer with higher alcohol content, without resorting to the use of consumer-unacceptable genetically modified yeast. In brewing, when the yeast is often repeatedly reused to ferment fresh wort, higher resistance of yeast in the presence of these compounds can lead to an increase in the number of yeast reuses and thereby reduce economic costs of the brewery needed for preparation of inocula. Using polydatin as inhibitor of 4 desaturase in Euglena and Desmodesmus algae blocks the biosynthesis of both even- and odd-numbered PUFAs having a double bond in position 4. This leads to a change in the content of fatty acids and accumulation of biosynthetic precursors, e.g., 22:5n-3 acid that has more favorable pharmacological effects than docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) Natural stilbenes such as polydatin and resveratrol have not yet been known as inhibitors of desaturases.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0272483