Sustainable Biofuels: An Ecological Assessment of the Future Energy

0474977 - ÚVGZ 2018 RIV US eng M - Část monografie knihy
Fischer, Milan - Fichot, R. - Albaugh, J. M. - Ceulemans, R. - Domec, J. C. - Trnka, Miroslav - King, J. S.
Populus and Salix Grown in a Short-rotation Coppice for Bioenergy: Ecophysiology, Aboveground Productivity, and Stand-level Water Use Efficiency.
Sustainable Biofuels: An Ecological Assessment of the Future Energy. Boston: de Gruyter, Higher Education Press, 2015 - (Kumar, A.; Zenone, T.; Chen, J.), s. 155-194. Ecosystem science and applications. ISBN 978-3-11-027589-6
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67179843
Klíčová slova: short-rotation coppice * bioenergy * water use efficiency
Obor OECD: Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7)

The genera of Populus and Salix are characterized by high productivity, good coppice potential, and adaptation to a wide range of environmental conditions, making them ideal candidates for bioenergy production using short-rotation coppice (SRC) culture. However, concerns have been raised over the potentially large water use of such SRC systems competing with existing land uses and water demands, especially in settings where water availability may be low. Further, global climate changes may increase drought stress over much of the terrestrial biosphere potentially constraining the area suitable for SRC bioenergy production. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the water requirement and water use efficiency of these genera to estimate potential future water demands and to design water-efficient bioenergy systems that will be resilient to potential water stress brought about by climate change. To that end, we surveyed the peer-reviewed literature on the ecophysiology, productivity and water use of Populus and Salix focussing on field experiments and on young trees or plantations. Data were compiled from 87 studies on Populus pure species and hybrids, and 60 studies for Salix on net photosynthesis (Anet), stomatal conductance (gs), instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi), leaf carbon isotope composition (δ13C), aboveground net primary production (ANPP), understory evapotranspiration (UET), canopy transpiration (T), and stand-level water use efficiency (WUEs). ANPP averaged 8.1 to 10.1 Mg ha-1 y-1 for both genera in mostly low input systems (little/no irrigation or fertilization). UET averaged 117 to 240 mm y -1, and canopy T averaged 325 to 439 mm y-1, yielding estimates of WUEs of 18.5 to 26.1 kg mm-1. This is at the high end of the range of WUEs of tree-based SRC systems (6.3 to 43.2 kg mm-1), suggesting that Populus/Salix systems are among the best alternatives where tree-based bioenergy production systems are indicated (e.g. marginal lands, cool climates, etc.) and not likely to provide more competition for water than unmanaged native vegetation or other low input systems.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0271864