Climatic effects and impacts of the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in the Czech Lands

0467437 - ÚVGZ 2017 RIV DE eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Brázdil, Rudolf - Řezníčková, Ladislava - Valášek, H. - Dolák, Lukáš - Kotyza, O.
Climatic effects and impacts of the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in the Czech Lands.
Climate of the Past. Roč. 12, č. 6 (2016), s. 1361-1374. ISSN 1814-9324. E-ISSN 1814-9332
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1415; GA ČR GA13-28093S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67179843
Klíčová slova: explosive volcanic-eruptions * temperature observations * central-europe * ice-age * summer * precipitation * documentary * consequences * responses * aerosols
Kód oboru RIV: EH - Ekologie - společenstva
Impakt faktor: 3.543, rok: 2016

The eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia in 1815 was one of the most powerful of its kind in recorded history. This contribution addresses climatic responses to it, the post-eruption weather, and its impacts on human life in the Czech Lands. The climatic effects are evaluated in terms of air temperature and precipitation on the basis of long-term homogenised series from the Prague-Klementinum and Brno meteorological stations, and mean Czech series in the short term (1810-1820) and long term (1800-2010). This analysis is complemented by other climatic and environmental data derived from rich documentary evidence. Czech documentary sources make no direct mention of the Tambora eruption, neither do they relate any particular weather phenomena to it, but they record an extremely wet summer for 1815 and an extremely cold summer for 1816 (the 'Year Without a Summer') that contributed to bad grain harvests and widespread grain price increases in 1817. Possible reasons for the cold summers in the first decade of the 19th century reflected in the contemporary press included comets, sunspot activity, long-term cooling and finally as late as 1817 earthquakes with volcanic eruptions.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0265538