Intra-specific variation in ageing and its life history consequences in African annual Nothobranchius killifish: an experimental study

0457485 - ÚBO 2016 eng A - Abstrakt
Blažek, Radim - Polačik, Matej - Kačer, P. - Cellerino, A. - Řežucha, Radomil - Methling, Caroline - Tomášek, Oldřich - Terzibasi-Tozzini, E. - Albrecht, Tomáš - Vrtílek, Milan - Reichard, Martin
Intra-specific variation in ageing and its life history consequences in African annual Nothobranchius killifish: an experimental study.
Zoologické dny České Budějovice 2016: sborník abstraktů z konference 11.-12. února 2016. Brno: Ústav biologie obratlovců AV ČR, 2016 - (Bryja, J.; Sedláček, F.; Fuchs, R.). s. 37-38. ISBN 978-80-87189-20-7.
[Zoologické dny. 11.02.2016-12.02.2016, České Budějovice]
Grant CEP: GA ČR(CZ) GAP506/11/0112
Institucionální podpora: RVO:68081766
Klíčová slova: African annual Nothobranchius killifish
Kód oboru RIV: EG - Zoologie

Extreme environments induce extreme adaptations, as exemplified in African annual Nothobranchius fish inhabiting temporary pools of East African savannah. Unpredictable conditions of Nothobranchius habitats are directly associated with their adaptations and life history trade-offs. Hence, phenotypic traits of some populations might be associated with different selection pressure determined by population specific lifespan expectancy (duration of their habitats). Populations from the drier area of species distribution are expected having faster life strategy and hence faster aging than their counterparts in wet regions.
To test whether population-specific lifespan expectancy predicts the rates of demographic, functional and reproductive aging we used common garden experiment with F1 generation of imported natural populations of African annual fishes of four species. Each species was represented by two populations; from dry and wet regions.
Analysis of several phenotypic traits confirmed that populations from dry region have shorter lifespan and steeper actuarial ageing (more rapid increase in mortality rate), faster fertility decline (lower number of eggs and faster decrease in fertilization success) and stronger cellular and physiological deterioration (oxidative damage in heart, liver and brain, and tumour load in liver and cephalic kidney). Short-lived fish were larger at birth and remained larger until the age of sexual maturity despite reaching it earlier. Short lifespan was not associated with pace-of-life syndrome (metabolic rate and personality) and with overall investment into reproduction.
Our results demonstrated that lifespan differences in natural populations are genetically based and associated with functional and reproductive declines. This corroborates recently questioned classical evolutionary theory of ageing postulating that increased environmentally-induced extrinsic mortality selects for decreased lifespan and more rapid aging.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0257885