Evolution of slow and fast development in predatory ladybirds

0454128 - ÚVGZ 2016 RIV DE eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Dixon, Anthony F. G. - Sato, S. - Kindlmann, Pavel
Evolution of slow and fast development in predatory ladybirds.
Journal of Applied Entomology. Roč. 140, 1-2 (2016), s. 103-114. ISSN 0931-2048. E-ISSN 1439-0418
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1415; GA ČR GB14-36098G
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67179843
Klíčová slova: aphid consumption * growth polymorphism * ladybirds * optimum growth rate * rate of development * survival
Kód oboru RIV: EH - Ekologie - společenstva
Impakt faktor: 1.641, rok: 2016

The frequency distribution of the durations of development of 516 larvae of Adalia bipunctata is unimodal, and the fast- and slow-developing larvae can be identified at the beginning of the fourth (=last) instar. To determine the advantages of fast and slow development, the survival, duration of development, growth and number of aphids consumed by fast- and slow-developing fourth instar larvae fed different numbers aphids were recorded. The percentages of fast- and slow-developing fourth instar larvae that survived when fed 0.5, 1 or an excess of aphids per day, surprisingly, did not differ. The slow-developing larvae of both sexes took longer to complete their development than the fast-developing larvae when fed 1 or an excess of aphids per day, and although the weights of the fast- and slow-developing fourth instar larvae differed at the beginning of the instar, they did not differ at the end of this instar when fed 1 aphid per day. However, when reared on an excess of aphids per day, the adult weights of the fast-developing individuals was greater than that of slow-developing individuals. The average durations for which the larvae in the two groups survived when fed 0.5 aphids/day differed with the larvae of the fast-developing individuals surviving for 9.8 ± 0.5 days and slow-developing individuals 17 ± 1.3 days. Assuming that it is the rate of predator biomass increase, which is maximized by evolution, a model of the relationship between the rate of development/growth of a predator and that of its prey indicates that the optimum growth rate of a predator is positively associated with that of its prey. The evolutionary implications of these results are discussed.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0254948