Recent Trends in Gene Expression

0431532 - ÚMG 2015 RIV US eng M - Část monografie knihy
Stechová, K. - Kolář, Michal - Filipp, Dominik
Lessons from the Gene Expression Studies of Immunocompetent Cells in Relationship to Type 1 Diabetes Development.
Recent Trends in Gene Expression. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2013 - (Mandal). ISBN 978-1-62618-738-2
Grant CEP: GA ČR GA310/09/2084; GA ČR(CZ) GBP302/12/G101
Institucionální podpora: RVO:68378050
Klíčová slova: Type I diabetes * gene profiling * cytokines
Kód oboru RIV: EB - Genetika a molekulární biologie

The increasing incidence of various autoimmune diseases represents a serious medical, economical and social burden on society. They affect approximately 7% of the population and are often associated with the deterioration of a patient´s quality of life and shortening of lifetime expectancy. Type 1 diabetes (DM1) is an autoimmune disease whereby self-reactive T lymphocytes selectively attack insulin-producing pan- creatic beta-cells. Since a number of important DM1-related autoantigens and genes have been already characterized, this disease represents a general model to study the mechanism of initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases. Advances in this field have lead to the introduction of several immunointervention strategies, the efficiency of which, unfor- tunately, lags somewhat behind expectations. There are two main problems: (i) pancreatic beta-cells display a poor proliferative capacity, and (ii) clinical signs of DM1 appear only after > 80% of beta-cells are irreversibly destroyed leading to a lifelong self-administration of insulin. Thus, it seems that the most effective resolution to this problem would be to recognize those who are at high risk or at the preclinical stage of diabetes when a sufficient mass of beta-cells is still present. Data generated in our and other laboratories show that gene expression profiling could significantly improve such screening. This short review summarizes the current advances in using the gene expression microarray technique to characterize the expression features of genetic landscape that predispose an individual to DM1. This notion especially relates to the search for new autoimmune disease-related biomarkers and how this knowledge could be used in a daily clinical practise.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0236242