3D velocity distribution of P- and S-waves in a biotite gneiss, measured in oil as the pressure medium: Comparison with velocity measurements in a multi-anvil pressure apparatus and with texture-based calculated data

0429000 - GLÚ 2015 RIV NL eng J - Článek v odborném periodiku
Lokajíček, Tomáš - Kern, H. - Svitek, Tomáš - Ivankina, T.
3D velocity distribution of P- and S-waves in a biotite gneiss, measured in oil as the pressure medium: Comparison with velocity measurements in a multi-anvil pressure apparatus and with texture-based calculated data.
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. Roč. 231, June (2014), s. 1-15. ISSN 0031-9201. E-ISSN 1872-7395
Grant CEP: GA MŠMT LH13102; GA ČR(CZ) GAP104/12/0915; GA ČR GA13-13967S
Institucionální podpora: RVO:67985831
Klíčová slova: 3D-velocity calculation * measured and calculated elastic properties * neutron diffraction * seismic anisotropy * velocity measurements
Kód oboru RIV: DC - Seismologie, vulkanologie a struktura Země
Impakt faktor: 2.895, rok: 2014

Ultrasonic measurements of the 3D velocity distribution of P- and S-waves were performed on a spherical sample of a biotite gneiss from the Outokumpu scientific drill hole. Measurements were done at room temperature and pressures up to 400 and 70. MPa, in a pressure vessel with oil as a pressure medium. A modified transducer/sample assembly and the installation of a new mechanical system allowed simultaneous measurements of P- and S-wave velocities in 132 independent directions of the sphere on a net in steps of 15°. Proper signals for P- and S-waves could be recorded by coating the sample surface with a high-viscosity shear wave gel. The 3D seismic measurements revealed a strong foliation-related directional dependence (anisotropy) of P- and S-wave velocities, which is confirmed by measurements in a multi-anvil apparatus on a cube-shaped specimen of the same rock. Both experimental approaches show a marked pressure sensitivity of P- and S-wave velocities and velocity anisotropies. With increasing pressure, P- and S-wave velocities increase non-linearly due to progressive closure of micro-cracks. 3D velocity calculations based on neutron diffraction measurements of crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of major minerals show that the intrinsic bulk anisotropy is basically caused by the CPO of biotite constituting about 23. vol.% of the rock. An important finding from this study is that the measurements on the sample sphere and on the sample cube displayed distinct differences, particularly in shear wave velocities. It is assumed that the differences are due to the different geometries of the samples and the configuration of the transducer-sample assembly. On the spherical sample with a point source and point receiver the first break at the velocity arrival time is suggested to define group velocities in most cases, whereas the receivers in the multi-anvil apparatus recorded the flat part of the wavefront, that is, phase velocities.
Trvalý link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0234209