DNA methylation and chromatin modifiers in colorectal cancer.

0518158 - ÚEM 2020 RIV NL eng J - Journal Article
Vymetálková, Veronika - Vodička, Pavel - Vodenková, Soňa - Alonso, A. - Schneider-Stock, R.
DNA methylation and chromatin modifiers in colorectal cancer.
Molecular Aspects of Medicine. Roč. 69, SI (2019), s. 73-92. ISSN 0098-2997. E-ISSN 1872-9452
R&D Projects: GA MZd(CZ) NV18-03-00199; GA MZd(CZ) NV17-30920A
Institutional support: RVO:68378041
Keywords : colorectal cancer * colorectal cancer * DNA methylation
OECD category: Human genetics
Impact factor: 9.577, year: 2019
Method of publishing: Limited access
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098299719300081?via%3Dihub

Colorectal carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving the accumulation of genetic alterations over time that ultimately leads to disease progression and metastasis. Binding of transcription factors to gene promoter regions alone cannot explain the complex regulation pattern of gene expression during this process. It is the chromatin structure that allows for a high grade of regulatory flexibility for gene expression. Posttranslational modifications on histone proteins such as acetylation, methylation, or phosphorylation determine the accessibility of transcription factors to DNA. DNA methylation, a chemical modification of DNA that modulates chromatin structure and gene transcription acts in concert with these chromatin conformation alterations. Another epigenetic mechanism regulating gene expression is represented by small non-coding RNAs. Only very recently epigenetic alterations have been included in molecular subtype classification of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this chapter, we will provide examples of the different epigenetic players, focus on their role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastatic processes and discuss their prognostic value in CRC.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0303333