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Validation of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging as an Early-Stage Biomarker of Parkinson’s Disease in Animal Models

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Neurodegenerative Diseases Biomarkers

Part of the book series: Neuromethods ((NM,volume 173))

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Abstract

Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), which is a mathematical extension of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), assesses non-Gaussian water diffusion in the brain. DKI proved to be effective in supporting the diagnosis of different neurodegenerative disorders. Its sensitively detects microstructural changes in the brain induced by either protein accumulation, glial cell activation or neurodegeneration as observed in mouse models of Parkinson’s disease. We applied two experimental models of Parkinson’s disease to validate the diagnostic utility of DKI in early and late stage of disease pathology. We present two DKI analysis methods: (1) tract based spatial statistics (TBSS), which is a hypothesis independent data driven approach intended to evaluate white matter changes; and (2) region of interest (ROI) based analysis based on hypothesis of ROIs relevant for Parkinson’s disease, which is specifically used for gray matter changes. The main aim of this chapter is to provide detailed information of how to perform the DKI imaging acquisition and analysis in the mouse brain, which can be, to some extent translated to humans.

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This study was performed at Masaryk University as part of the project “Pharmacological research in the field of pharmacokinetics, neuropsychopharmacology, and oncology” number MUNI/A/1249/2020 with the support of the Specific University Research Grant, as provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (MEYS CR) in the year 2021.

This supplement was supported by the seed fund of National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India. Amit Khairnar gratefully acknowledges the support of Ramalingaswami Fellowship from Department of Biotechology, India. Eva Drazanova was supported by the grant LM2015062 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001775 “National Infrastructure for Biological and Medical Imaging (Czech-BioImaging).”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Amit Khairnar

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic

    Eva Drazanova & Jana Ruda-Kucerova

  3. Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic

    Eva Drazanova

  4. Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

    Nikoletta Szabo

Authors
  1. Amit Khairnar
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  2. Eva Drazanova
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  3. Nikoletta Szabo
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  4. Jana Ruda-Kucerova
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amit Khairnar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    Philip V. Peplow

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA

    Bridget Martinez

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington University, West Chester, PA, USA

    Thomas A. Gennarelli

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Khairnar, A., Drazanova, E., Szabo, N., Ruda-Kucerova, J. (2022). Validation of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging as an Early-Stage Biomarker of Parkinson’s Disease in Animal Models. In: Peplow, P.V., Martinez, B., Gennarelli, T.A. (eds) Neurodegenerative Diseases Biomarkers. Neuromethods, vol 173. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1712-0_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1712-0_18

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1711-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1712-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

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