Processing and Application of Ceramics 2022 Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages: 13-21
https://doi.org/10.2298/PAC2201013S
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Doping of alumina ceramics by manganese - thermodynamical and experimental approach
Svoboda Jiří (Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic)
Drdlíková Katarína (CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic)
Drdlík Daniel (CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic + Department of Ceramics and Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic)
Kroupa Aleš (Institute of Physics of Materials, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic)
Michalička Jan (CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic)
Maca Karel (CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic + Department of Ceramics and Polymers, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic), maca@fme.vutbr.cz
The preparation of a transparent ultra-fine-grained doped ceramics requires a
homogeneous dopant distribution in a matrix. In the present work, two
thermodynamical phenomena allowing the preparation of such ceramics (the
dissolution of the dopant and the formation of undesirable secondary phases)
were experimentally and theoretically studied. A general
thermodynamic-kinetic model was developed for dopant dissolution, which was
verified for the experimental conditions used in this work. The model and
experiment showed that Mn3O4 dopant with overall concentration of 1 at.% and
particle size of 50 nm is dissolved and homogenized in a fine-grained
alumina matrix within less than one hour at a temperature of 1220 °C. For
the purposes of the study of the formation of undesired secondary phase, the
phase diagram of the Al2O3-Mn3O4 system was calculated using the CALPHAD
approach. Detailed STEM observations combined with EDX and EELS chemical
analyses showed that the data used for the calculation of the phase diagram
need some modifications because they overestimate the solubility of Mn in
the alumina and underestimate the solubility of Mn in the MnAl2O4 spinel.
Keywords: alumina, doping, sintering, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), thermodynamics
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