biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 67:166-174, 2023 | DOI: 10.32615/bp.2023.028

Responses to abiotic and biotic stresses - from the cellular level to fruit development - contributions of the Czech Centre for Experimental Plant Biology

R. Vanková1, *, L. Burketová1, B. Brzobohatý2, 3, M. Černý2, 3, S. Hafidh1, J. Hejátko4, D. Honys1, K. Hoyerová1, M. Juříček1, J. Martinec1, T. Moravec1, T. Pečenková1, J. Petrášek1, J. Pospíšil5, 6, K. Retzer1, 7, H.S. Robert8, H. Štorchová1, T. Vaněk1, V. Žárský1
1 Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 16502 Prague, Czech Republic
2 Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
3 Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
4 CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
5 Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
6 Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
7 Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, Austria
8 Mendel Centre for Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Systems, CEITEC MU - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic

The “Centre for Experimental Plant Biology”, a joint project of the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences and CEITEC (represented by Mendel and Masaryk Universities), focused on elucidating  the mechanisms of plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses and their combinations at the cellular level, in intact plants during vegetative and reproductive stages, and fruit development. The consortium demonstrated the importance of shared research facilities, complementary approaches, and knowledge exchange, addressing demanding questions  in plant biology. The consortium made breakthrough in plant-pathogen interactions, including identification of  exocyst-syntaxin cooperation in non-host resistance. The results confirmed the fundamental role of phytohormones in stress responses, including negative correlation of leaf bioactive gibberellins with drought stress, and the role of cytokinins in ROS homeostasis, sulphur metabolism, and heat stress responses, including volatile emission. Molecular analyses revealed expansin-mediated cell wall remodelling, brassinosteroid-mediated regulation of root growth through PIN2, the role of ALBA and LARP6C proteins in pollen development under abiotic stress, and heat stress impact on fertilization rate, embryo and seed development. Gene Set Enrichment and RNA-Seq analyses allowed to identify crucial genes involved in the apple scab resistance network. The main results obtained during the five-year project are summarised here.

Keywords: apple breeding, exocyst, gametophyte, pathogen, phytohormone, stress tolerance.

Received: June 9, 2023; Revised: June 9, 2023; Accepted: June 20, 2023; Published online: July 17, 2023  Show citation

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Vanková, R., Burketová, L., Brzobohatý, B., Černý, M., Hafidh, S., Hejátko, J., ... Žárský, V. (2023). Responses to abiotic and biotic stresses - from the cellular level to fruit development - contributions of the Czech Centre for Experimental Plant Biology. Biologia plantarum, 67, Article 166-174. https://doi.org/10.32615/bp.2023.028
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