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Systematic Trends of Transformation Temperatures and Crystal Structure of Ni–Mn–Ga–Fe–Cu Alloys

  • ICFSMA 2019
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Abstract

Here we report a systematic research on effects of Fe and Cu upon properties relevant for the magnetic shape memory effect of Ni–Mn–Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. Fe and Cu were identified as elements with potential synergism to increase the martensite transformation temperature of Ni–Mn–Ga magnetic shape memory (MSM) alloys. Eighteen Ni–Mn–Ga–Fe–Cu alloys with different systematic trends in substituting the ternary elements with Cu and Fe have been investigated. We found a method to describe the effectiveness of Ni, Mn, and Cu upon raising the martensitic transformation temperature, lowering the saturation magnetization, and varying the Curie temperature. We find the martensite transformation temperature most influenced by the Ni content, followed by Mn, with a smaller effect of Cu. The saturation magnetization decreases with similar coefficients for Mn and Cu alloying. The Curie temperature monotonously decreases with Mn, but not Cu. The 10M martensite structure is stable for the composition Ni46.5Mn25+XGa25−X−YFe3.5CuY with X and Y range of 0–5.7, and 0.8–3.0. Used in combination with the total e/a, the elemental e/a-ratio gives some insight into the complex behavior of quinary MSM alloys and is a useful method of analyzing MSM alloys for improved functional properties.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the support of Czech Science Foundation (grant No. 16-00043S). We also acknowledge the support of Operational Program Research, Development and Education financed by European Structural and Investment Funds and the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Project SOLID21-CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000760 and MATFUN-CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000487). Initial compositional EDS measurements were conducted by Ladislav Klimša, and casting of some alloys was performed by Martin Dušák at FZU. Experiments were performed in MGML (https://mgml.eu), which is supported within the program of Czech Research Infrastructures (project no. LM2018096). PM acknowledges partial financial support through the National Science Foundation project DMR-1710640.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Micron School of Materials Science and Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, 83725, USA

    Andrew Armstrong & Peter Müllner

  2. Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance, 1999/2, 182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic

    Andrew Armstrong, Frans Nilsén, Michal Rameš, Petr Veřtát, Ladislav Straka & Oleg Heczko

  3. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 2026/5, 121 16, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Ross H. Colman, Tomáš Kmječ & Ladislav Straka

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ICFSMA 2019 Credit Line: This article is an invited submission to Shape Memory and Superelasticity selected from presentations at the International Conference on Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (ICFSMA) held June 2–7, 2019 in Prague, Czech Republic, and has been expanded from the original presentation. (Gray header bar: ICFSMA 2019).

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Armstrong, A., Nilsén, F., Rameš, M. et al. Systematic Trends of Transformation Temperatures and Crystal Structure of Ni–Mn–Ga–Fe–Cu Alloys. Shap. Mem. Superelasticity 6, 97–106 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40830-020-00273-3

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