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Dynamics of nanosecond-laser-induced melting of tin in vacuum, air, and water

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Abstract

Tin with its low melting point and vapor pressure is a good model material to investigate laser ablation mechanisms under various ambient conditions. Here we measured the nanosecond-laser-induced damage thresholds of tin in vacuum, air, and water. The threshold fluence is found to be ~ 0.1 J/cm2 regardless of the environment unlike more refractory metals when threshold values in water are considerably higher than those in air. Analysis of the morphology and chemical composition of the irradiated surface as well as numerical simulations of tin laser heating demonstrate that the observed surface modification is due to melting but not oxidation. For the case of water environment, the conductive heat transfer to water is found to play only a minor role in tin heating and melting. The simulations show also that the formation of a water vapor layer near the tin surface occurs at a considerably higher fluence, above 0.15 J/cm2, and thus the surface damage is not affected by scattering of the incident laser light by the vapor–liquid interface, typical for more refractory metals. Peculiarities of laser ablation of low-melt materials in liquids and nanoparticle formation are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the projects No. 18-38-00057 (experimental studies) and No. 18-08-01383 (modeling). The SEM measurements were carried out under state contract with IT SB RAS. AVB also acknowledges financial support from the ERDF and the state budget of the Czech Republic (project BIATRI: No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000445).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. S.S. Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS, 1 Lavrentyev Ave, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Sergey V. Starinskiy, Alexey A. Rodionov, Yuri G. Shukhov & Alexander V. Bulgakov

  2. Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Sergey V. Starinskiy & Alexey A. Rodionov

  3. Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Lavrentyev Ave. 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Evgeniy A. Maximovskiy

  4. HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Za Radnicí 828, 25241, Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic

    Alexander V. Bulgakov

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  1. Sergey V. Starinskiy
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  2. Alexey A. Rodionov
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  3. Yuri G. Shukhov
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  4. Evgeniy A. Maximovskiy
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  5. Alexander V. Bulgakov
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Correspondence to Sergey V. Starinskiy.

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Starinskiy, S.V., Rodionov, A.A., Shukhov, Y.G. et al. Dynamics of nanosecond-laser-induced melting of tin in vacuum, air, and water. Appl. Phys. A 125, 734 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-019-3028-4

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