The paper deals with lexical collocations in speech, the fact whether they are reproduced as “prefabricates” or formed ad hoc, for the sake of a given situation. It concentrates on their position in the language system and in the text. The compilation of the Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech has revealed that the relation langue – parole has to be solved not only in case of multiword lexical units that are formed syntactically from not fixed collocations (cf. Chapters from the Dictionary-making Principles of the Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech, 2016), but also in case of multiword units that are coined by a) derivation from nonphraseological multiword expressions (akrobatické lyžování – akrobatický lyžař – akrobatická lyžařka; hlubinná ekologie – hlubinný ekolog – hlubinná ekoložka; pozitivní diskriminace – pozitivně diskriminovat), b) transformation of phrasemes (vypouštět pokusné balonky – pokusný balonek; nosit sovy do Atén – nošení sov do Atén; střelit /střílet od boku – střelba od boku – střílení od boku). These processes result in units belonging to the lexicon (= stable, fixed) or units formed ad hoc for the sake of the text (= unstable, not fixed, produced in speech). The aim of the paper is to analyse these processes and their results, and to solve the way of lexicographic treatment of multiword lexical units coined by derivation and transformation in the Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech.
