Abstract
Currently, several techniques are available for characterisation of mortar binders for research and conservation purposes but not all of them are suitable and affordable for routine diagnostic purposes. Cost efficiency is a very important factor for the scientific and conservation community and is always taken into account when designing a research conservation program. For the characterisation of historic mortars, generally the identification of the binder nature (air lime, hydraulic lime …) is of outmost importance as well as the mineralogy, granulometry, amount of the aggregate and porosity. The present paper presents a sequence of cost-efficient and technically effective procedure for mortar characterisation for conservation diagnosis aims.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alvarez, J. I., Martín, A., García Casado, P. J., et al. (1999). Methodology and validation of a HCl acid attack for the characterisation of ancient mortars. Cement and Concrete Research, 29, 1061–1065.
ČSN P 730610. (2000). Waterproofing of buildings—The rehabilitation of damp masonry and additional protection of buildings against ground moisture and against atmospheric water, Basic provision, Czech technical standard.
Drdácký, M. (2011). Non-standard testing of mechanical characteristics of historic mortars. International Journal of Architectural Heritage: Conservation, Analysis, and Restoration, 5(4–5), 383–394.
EN 1015-1:1998. (1998). Methods of test for mortar for masonry—Part 1: determination of particle size distribution (by sieve analysis), European standard.
EN 1015-11:1999. (1999). Methods of test for mortar for masonry—Part 11: Determination of flexural and compressive strength of hardened mortar. European standard EN 1015-11:1999.
EN 1925:1999. (1999). Natural stone test methods—Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity. European standard.
EN 1015-18:2002. (2002). Methods of test for mortar for masonry—Part 18: Determination of water absorption coefficient due to capillarity action of hardened mortar. European standard.
EN 1936:2006. (2006). Natural stone test methods—Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity. European standard.
Frankeová, D., Slížková, Z., & Drdácký, M. (2012). Characteristics of mortar from ancient bridges. In J. Válek, J. J. Hughes & C. Groot (Eds.), Historic mortars: Characterisation, assessment and repair (pp. 165–174). RILEM, ISBN 978-94-007-4634-3.
Middendorf, B., Hughes, J., Callebaut, K., Baronio, G., & Papayiani, I. (2004). Chemical characterisation of historic mortars. In C. Groot, G. Ashall & J. Hughes J. (Eds.), Characterisation of old mortars with respect to their repair—Final Report of RILEM TC 167-COM (pp. 39–56). RILEM Publications SARL, ISBN 978-2-912143-56-3.
Moroupoulou, A., Bakolas, A., & Anagnostopoulou, E. (2005). Composite materials in ancient structures. Cement and Concrete Composites, 27, 295–300.
Oates, J. A. H. (1998). Lime and limestone (p. 474). Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, ISBN 978-3-527-29527-2.
RILEM 25 PEM. (1980). Recommandations provisoires, Essais recommandés pour mesurer l’altération des pierres et évaluer l’efficacité des méthodes de traitement. Matériaux et Constructions, 13(75), 197–199.
RILEM. (2001). Recommendations of RILEM TC 167-COM: Characterisation of old mortars. COM-C1 Assessment of mix proportions in historical mortars using quantitative optical microscopy. ISSN 1359-5997.
Van Balen, K., Toumbakari, E. E., & Blanco-Varela, M. T. et al. (1999). Environmental deterioration of ancient and modern hydraulic mortar. Project ENV4-CT95-0096, EC Protection and Conservation of European Cultural Heritage.
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic for support to project DF12P01OVV018—Conditions and requirements of compatible care of historic porous inorganic materials.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hauková, P., Frankeová, D., Slížková, Z. (2019). Characterisation of Historic Mortars for Conservation Diagnosis. In: Hughes, J., Válek, J., Groot, C. (eds) Historic Mortars. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91606-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91606-4_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-91604-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-91606-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)