Folia Parasitologica 67:021 (2020) | DOI: 10.14411/fp.2020.021

The Proteocephalus species-aggregate (Cestoda) in sticklebacks (Gasterosteidae) of the Nearctic Region, including description of a new species from brook stickleback, Culaea inconstans

Tomáš Scholz1, Anindo Choudhury2, Patrick A. Nelson3
1 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
2 Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, Wisconsin, USA;
3 North/South Consultants Inc., Winnipeg, Canada

A survey of the species of the Proteocephalus-aggregate from sticklebacks (Actinopterygii: Gasterosteidae) is provided. The occurrence of three species in North America is confirmed: (i) Proteocephalus filicollis (Rudolphi, 1802), which has been reported from the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, in the northeastern part of North America (Newfoundland); (ii) Proteocephalus pugetensis Hoff et Hoff, 1929 occurs also in G. aculeatus, but in northwestern North America (British Columbia and Washington); and (iii) Proteocephalus culaeae sp. n., which is described from the brook stickleback, Culaea inconstans (Kirtland), in Manitoba (Canada). Another species, Proteocephalus ambiguus (Dujardin, 1845), a specific parasite of the nine-spined stickleback, Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus), and type species of the genus, has also been found in North America (Alberta, Canada), but its vouchers are in poor condition and cannot be reliable assigned to this species. Both species reported from three-spined stickleback differ from each other by the shape of the scolex (rounded in P. filicollis versus continuously tapered towards the anterior extremity in P. pugetensis) and the apical sucker (widely oval to subspherical in frontal view in P. filicollis versus flattened in P. pugetensis). Proteocephalus culaeae sp. n. is characterised by a short body composed of a few, continuously widened proglottids, a short scolex narrower than the strobila and devoid of an apical sucker, a short, pyriform cirrus sac, no vaginal sphincter, and few testes. A key to species of the Proteocephalus-aggregate from sticklebacks is provided.

Keywords: tapeworms, species diversity, systematics, identification key, freshwater fish, Gasterosteiformes, North America

Received: August 9, 2019; Revised: April 20, 2020; Accepted: May 14, 2020; Published online: August 18, 2020  Show citation

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Scholz, T., Choudhury, A., & Nelson, P.A. (2020). The Proteocephalus species-aggregate (Cestoda) in sticklebacks (Gasterosteidae) of the Nearctic Region, including description of a new species from brook stickleback, Culaea inconstans . Folia Parasitologica, 67, Article 2020.021. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2020.021
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