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Probing dense baryon-rich matter with virtual photons
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SYSNO ASEP 0509905 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Probing dense baryon-rich matter with virtual photons Author(s) Adamczewski-Musch, J. (DE)
Arnold, O. (DE)
Behnke, C. (DE)
Belounnas, A. (FR)
Belyaev, A. (RU)
Chlad, Lukáš (UJF-V) RID, ORCID, SAI
Kugler, Andrej (UJF-V) RID, ORCID, SAI
Rodriguez Ramos, Pablo (UJF-V)
Sobolev, Yuri, G. (UJF-V) ORCID
Svoboda, Ondřej (UJF-V) RID, ORCID, SAI
Tlustý, Pavel (UJF-V) ORCID, SAI
Wagner, Vladimír (UJF-V) RID, ORCID, SAINumber of authors 116 Source Title Nature Physics. - : Nature Publishing Group - ISSN 1745-2473
Roč. 15, č. 10 (2019), s. 1040-1047Number of pages 8 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country GB - United Kingdom Keywords HADES ; collisions ; QCD matter Subject RIV BG - Nuclear, Atomic and Molecular Physics, Colliders OECD category Nuclear physics R&D Projects GA13-06759S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) LM2015049 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) LTT17003 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) EF16_013/0001677 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UJF-V - RVO:61389005 UT WOS 000488590700019 EID SCOPUS 85069915641 DOI 10.1038/s41567-019-0583-8 Annotation About 10 mu s after the Big Bang, the universe was filled-in addition to photons and leptons-with strong-interaction matter consisting of quarks and gluons, which transitioned to hadrons at temperatures close to kT = 150 MeV and densities several times higher than those found in nuclei. This quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter can be created in the laboratory as a transient state by colliding heavy ions at relativistic energies. The different phases in which QCD matter may exist depend for example on temperature, pressure or baryochemical potential, and can be probed by studying the emission of electromagnetic radiation. Electron-positron pairs emerge from the decay of virtual photons, which immediately decouple from the strong interaction, and thus provide information about the properties of QCD matter at various stages. Here, we report the observation of virtual photon emission from baryon-rich QCD matter. The spectral distribution of the electron-positron pairs is nearly exponential, providing evidence for a source of temperature in excess of 70 MeV with constituents whose properties have been modified, thus reflecting peculiarities of strong-interaction QCD matter. Its bulk properties are similar to the dense matter formed in the final state of a neutron star merger, as apparent from recent multimessenger observation. Workplace Nuclear Physics Institute Contact Markéta Sommerová, sommerova@ujf.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 173 228 Year of Publishing 2020 Electronic address https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0583-8
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