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High transcript abundance, RNA editing, and small RNAs in intergenic regions within the massive mitochondrial genome of the angiosperm Silene noctiflora
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SYSNO ASEP 0453067 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title High transcript abundance, RNA editing, and small RNAs in intergenic regions within the massive mitochondrial genome of the angiosperm Silene noctiflora Author(s) Wu, Z. (US)
Stone, James D. (UEB-Q)
Štorchová, Helena (UEB-Q) RID, ORCID
Sloan, D.B. (US)Source Title BMC Genomics. - : BioMed Central - ISSN 1471-2164
Roč. 16, NOV 14 (2015), s. 938Number of pages 13 s. Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords Antisense RNA ; Junk DNA ; mtDNA Subject RIV EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology R&D Projects EE2.3.30.0048 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Institutional support UEB-Q - RVO:61389030 UT WOS 000365283800013 DOI 10.1186/s12864-015-2155-3 Annotation Species within the angiosperm genus Silene contain the largest mitochondrial genomes ever identified. The enormity of these genomes (up to 11 Mb in size) appears to be the result of increased non-coding DNA, which represents >99 % of the genome content. These genomes are also fragmented into dozens of circular-mapping chromosomes, some of which contain no identifiable genes, raising questions about if and how these 'empty' chromosomes are maintained by selection. To assess the possibility that they contain novel and unannotated functional elements, we have performed RNA-seq to analyze the mitochondrial transcriptome of Silene noctiflora. Results: We identified regions of high transcript abundance in almost every chromosome in the mitochondrial genome including those that lack any annotated genes. In some cases, these transcribed regions exhibited higher expression levels than some core mitochondrial protein-coding genes. We also identified RNA editing sites throughout the genome, including 97 sites that were outside of protein-coding gene sequences and found in pseudogenes, introns, UTRs, and transcribed intergenic regions. Unlike in protein-coding sequences, however, most of these RNA editing sites were only edited at intermediate frequencies. Finally, analysis of mitochondrial small RNAs indicated that most were likely degradation products from longer transcripts, but we did identify candidates for functional small RNAs that mapped to intergenic regions and were not associated with longer RNA transcripts. Our findings demonstrate transcriptional activity in many localized regions within the extensive intergenic sequence content in the S. noctiflora mitochondrial genome, supporting the possibility that the genome contains previously unidentified functional elements. However, transcription by itself is not proof of functional importance, and we discuss evidence that some of the observed transcription and post-transcriptional modifications are non-adaptive. Therefore, further investigations are required to determine whether any of the identified transcribed regions have played a functional role in the proliferation and maintenance of the enormous non-coding regions in Silene mitochondrial genomes. Workplace Institute of Experimental Botany Contact David Klier, knihovna@ueb.cas.cz, Tel.: 220 390 469 Year of Publishing 2016
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