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Research cloud electrification model in the Wisconsin dynamic/microphysical model 2: Charge structure in an idealized thunderstorm and its dependence on ion generation rate
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SYSNO ASEP 0554079 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Research cloud electrification model in the Wisconsin dynamic/microphysical model 2: Charge structure in an idealized thunderstorm and its dependence on ion generation rate Author(s) Popová, Jana (UFA-U) RID, ORCID
Sokol, Zbyněk (UFA-U) RID, ORCID
Šlegl, Jakub (UJF-V) ORCID, SAI
Wang, P. (TW)
Chou, Y.-L. (TW)Number of authors 5 Article number 106090 Source Title Atmospheric Research. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0169-8095
Roč. 270, June 1 (2022)Number of pages 13 s. Language eng - English Country NL - Netherlands Keywords Cloud electrification model ; Cloud model ; Cloud microphysics ; Cosmic ray Subject RIV DG - Athmosphere Sciences, Meteorology OECD category Meteorology and atmospheric sciences Subject RIV - cooperation Nuclear Physics Institute - Athmosphere Sciences, Meteorology R&D Projects EF15_003/0000481 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UFA-U - RVO:68378289 ; UJF-V - RVO:61389005 UT WOS 000819844200003 EID SCOPUS 85124648634 DOI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106090 Annotation This paper presents a cloud electrification model, which we embedded in the Wisconsin Dynamic and Microphysical Model-2 and labels it CEMW. WISDYMM-2 makes use of two-moment cloud microphysics to produce 5 hydrometeor types (e.g., cloud-droplets, raindrops, cloud-ice, snow, and graupel) that are used by CEMW for storm electrification where storm convection is initiated by a warm air bubble that is placed over an assumed flat terrain with no surface friction. In this paper, CEMW was used to examine cloud electrification in a simulated (idealized) thundercloud and to examine the impact of various formulations of the ion generation rate by cosmic rays (G) on how the storm and individual hydrometeor charges were structured. Results showed that the CEMW generates reasonable electric charge structures, which is qualitatively similar to those published by Brothers et al. (2018) in that it consists of a number of smaller positively and negatively charged regions. This structure differs from a charge structure generally depicted by conceptual models based on conventional balloon measurements of electric field. However, simulated balloon measurements in the idealized thunder clouds further revealed that CEMW produces electrostatic charge distributions and electric field profiles that are in good agreement with those reported by real balloon measurements. How charge is structured by CEMW was tested by formulating G (the ion generation rate) in two different ways. First, we derived G assuming fair weather conditions, which is the usual way applied in cloud electrification modelling. Second, we calculated Gs using the Cosmic Ray Atmospheric Cascade: Cosmic Ray Induced Ionization model for several values of solar modulation potential and cut-off rigidity. The results show that the structure of the electric charge fields does not differ much depending on G, but the fundamental difference between G is in the amount of electric discharges. Workplace Institute of Atmospheric Physics Contact Kateřina Adamovičová, adamovicova@ufa.cas.cz, Tel.: 272 016 012 ; Kateřina Potužníková, kaca@ufa.cas.cz, Tel.: 272 016 019 Year of Publishing 2023 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016980952200076X?via%3Dihub
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