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Rock physics and the circulation of Neolithic axeheads in Central Europe and the western Mediterranean
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SYSNO ASEP 0542372 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Rock physics and the circulation of Neolithic axeheads in Central Europe and the western Mediterranean Author(s) Monik, M. (CZ)
Delgado-Raack, S. (ES)
Hadraba, Hynek (UFM-A) RID, ORCID
Jech, D. (CZ)
Risch, R. (ES)Number of authors 5 Article number 203708 Source Title Wear. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0043-1648
474 - 475, JUN (2021)Number of pages 16 s. Language eng - English Country CH - Switzerland Keywords polished stone axes ; raw-material ; manufacture axes ; caput adriae ; flake axes ; wear ; settlement ; trade ; Rock mechanics ; Neolithic ; Axe heads ; Hardness ; Elastic modulus ; Response to friction Subject RIV JL - Materials Fatigue, Friction Mechanics OECD category Audio engineering, reliability analysis R&D Projects LQ1601 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Limited access Institutional support UFM-A - RVO:68081723 UT WOS 000640369900003 EID SCOPUS 85102068619 DOI 10.1016/j.wear.2021.203708 Annotation Slightly retrograded rocks for edge-ground tool manufacture were used in two different supply systems during recent European prehistory. Mechanical properties of five of these rock types were tested to determine if the most exploited and circulated materials were also the most adequate ones. A series of mechanical tests were chosen to characterize their hardness, elasticity, resistance to friction, and Charpy impact toughness. The results were compared with petrographic variables (mineralogical composition, density, homogeneity, grain size, anisotropy, and presence of retrogression). Subsequent correlations between the tested mechanical properties confirm that density is a good proxy to estimate hardness, elasticity, and resistance to friction of the given rocks. It emerged that the amphibolic hornfels (MJH) most used in Neolithic Central Europe and circulated over large distances was harder than most other tested rocks and compositionally more homogeneous. On a broader European scale, however, MJH is not superior in quality to Iberian gabbros. Both rocks show much poorer mechanical qualities than Alpine high-pressure meta-ophiolites, which were largely ignored by the Early Neolithic populations of Central Europe. Analogies from the Iberian Peninsula also indicate that rocks comparable in quality to MJH, and transformed into Neolithic axe heads, only circulated in an area a few hundred kilometers from their sources. Long-distance transport of MJH is thus only partially explained by its mechanical qualities and rather reflects a wide and well-functioning social and economic network established over large parts of Central Europe which has no parallels in the European Neolithic. Workplace Institute of Physics of Materials Contact Yvonna Šrámková, sramkova@ipm.cz, Tel.: 532 290 485 Year of Publishing 2022 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043164821000971?via%3Dihub
Number of the records: 1