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Legal situation and current practice of waste incineration bottom ash utilisation in Europe.
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SYSNO ASEP 0517904 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Legal situation and current practice of waste incineration bottom ash utilisation in Europe. Author(s) Blasenbauer, D. (AT)
Huber, F. (AT)
Lederer, A. (AT)
Quina, M.J. (PT)
Blanc-Biscarat, D. (FR)
Bogush, A. (GB)
Bontempi, E. (IT)
Blondeau, J. (BE)
Chimenos, J.M. (ES)
Dahlbo, H. (FI)
Fagerqvist, J. (SE)
Giro-Paloma, J. (ES)
Hjelmar, O. (DK)
Hyks, J. (DK)
Keaney, J. (IE)
Lupsea-Toader, M. (FR)
O’Caollai, C.J. (IE)
Orupõld, K. (EE)
Pajak, T. (PL)
Simon, F.-G. (DE)
Svecova, L. (FR)
Šyc, Michal (UCHP-M) RID, SAI, ORCID
Ulvang, R. (NO)
Vaajasaari, K. (FI)
Van Caneghem, J. (BE)
van Zomeren, A. (NL)
Vasarevičius, S. (LT)
Wégner, K. (HU)
Fellner, J. (AT)Source Title Waste Management. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0956-053X
Roč. 102, Feb 1 (2020), s. 868-883Number of pages 16 s. Language eng - English Country GB - United Kingdom Keywords european union ; incinerator bottom ash ; legal requirements Subject RIV CI - Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering OECD category Chemical process engineering R&D Projects LTC17051 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support UCHP-M - RVO:67985858 UT WOS 000512310800087 EID SCOPUS 85076095729 DOI 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.11.031 Annotation Almost 500 municipal solid waste incineration plants in the EU, Norway and Switzerland generate about 17.6 Mt/a of incinerator bottom ash (IBA). IBA contains minerals and metals. Metals are mostly separated and sold to the scrap market and minerals are either disposed of in landfills or utilised in the construction sector. Since there is no uniform regulation for IBA utilisation at EU level, countries developed own rules with varying requirements for utilisation. As a result from a cooperation network between European experts an up-to-date overview of documents regulating IBA utilisation is presented. Furthermore, this work highlights the different requirements that have to be considered. Overall, 51 different parameters for the total content and 36 different parameters for the emission by leaching are defined. An analysis of the defined parameter reveals that leaching parameters are significantly more to be considered compared to total content parameters. In order to assess the leaching behaviour nine different leaching tests, including batch tests, up-flow percolation tests and one diffusion test (monolithic materials) are in place. A further discussion of leaching parameters showed that certain countries took over limit values initially defined for landfills for inert waste and adopted them for IBA utilisation. The overall utilisation rate of IBA in construction works is approximately 54 wt%. It is revealed that the rate of utilisation does not necessarily depend on how well regulated IBA utilisation is, but rather seems to be a result of political commitment for IBA recycling and economically interesting circumstances. Workplace Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Contact Eva Jirsová, jirsova@icpf.cas.cz, Tel.: 220 390 227 Year of Publishing 2021 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X19307275?via%3Dihub
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