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PLASTIDS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS
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SYSNO ASEP 0502997 Document Type M - Monograph Chapter R&D Document Type Monograph Chapter Title Complex Endosymbioses I: From Primary to Complex Plastids, Multiple Independent Events Author(s) Füssy, Zoltán (BC-A) RID, ORCID
Oborník, Miroslav (BC-A) RID, ORCIDNumber of authors 2 Source Title PLASTIDS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS. - New York : Humana Press, New York, 2018 / Marechal E. - ISSN 1064-3745 - ISBN 978-1-4939-8654-5 Pages roč. 1829 (2018), s. 17-35 Series Methods in Molecular Biology Number of pages 19 s. Number of pages 409 Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords genome sequence ; evolution ; dinoflagellate ; apicomplexan ; acquisition ; origin ; genes ; chloroplasts ; cryptophytes ; haptophytes ; Complex endosymbiosis ; Plastid replacement ; Reductive evolution Subject RIV EF - Botanics OECD category Plant sciences, botany R&D Projects GA16-24027S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) Institutional support BC-A - RVO:60077344 UT WOS 000452993600003 EID SCOPUS 85050035799 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-8654-5_2 Annotation A substantial portion of eukaryote diversity consists of algae with complex plastids, i.e., plastids originating from eukaryote-to-eukaryote endosymbioses. These plastids are characteristic by a deviating number of envelope membranes (higher than two), and sometimes a remnant nucleus of the endosymbiont alga, termed the nucleomorph, is present. Complex plastid-bearing algae are therefore much like living matryoshka dolls, eukaryotes within eukaryotes. In comparison, primary plastids of Archaeplastida (plants, green algae, red algae, and glaucophytes) arose upon a single endosymbiosis event with a cyanobacterium and are surrounded by two membranes. Complex plastids were acquired several times by unrelated groups nested within eukaryotic heterotrophs, suggesting complex plastids are somewhat easier to obtain than primary plastids. This is consistent with the existence of higher-order and serial endosymbioses, i.e., engulfment of complex plastid-bearing algae by (tertiary) eukaryotic hosts and functional plastid replacements, respectively. Plastid endosymbiosis is typical by a massive transfer of genetic material from the endosymbiont to the host nucleus and metabolic rearrangements related to the trophic switch to phototrophy, this is necessary to establish metabolic integration of the plastid and control over its division. Although photosynthesis is the main advantage of plastid acquisition, algae that lost photosynthesis often maintain complex plastids, suggesting their roles beyond photosynthesis. This chapter summarizes basic knowledge on acquisition and functions of complex plastid. Workplace Biology Centre (since 2006) Contact Dana Hypšová, eje@eje.cz, Tel.: 387 775 214 Year of Publishing 2019
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