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Prehistoric ceremonial warfare: beginning of institutionalized violence
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SYSNO ASEP 0486878 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Prehistoric ceremonial warfare: beginning of institutionalized violence Author(s) Turek, Jan (ARU-G) ORCID, RID, SAI Number of authors 1 Source Title Archaeologies: Journal of the World Archaeological Congress. - : Springer - ISSN 1555-8622
Roč. 13, č. 3 (2017), s. 535-548Number of pages 14 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords human aggression ; ceremonial warfare ; archery symbolism ; Neolithic ; Chalcolithic ; Europe Subject RIV AC - Archeology, Anthropology, Ethnology OECD category Archaeology Institutional support ARU-G - RVO:67985912 UT WOS 000417173500007 EID SCOPUS 85035095557 DOI 10.1007/s11759-017-9330-x Annotation Sadly, aggression is still one of the most common features of human behaviour, it is an instinct to promote and survive our own genes against the genes of others. Human intraspecific aggression has gradually become part of human culture over the last 40,000 years and has been institutionalized in various forms of social activities. Particularly in the postglacial period, the level of social relations has developed dramatically in the context of population growth and the growth of human communities. In the time of Neolithic and Chalcolithic European agricultural populations, the motive of control over farming land became highly important. Also the control of main means of production and social power was increasingly maintaining the intragroup competition and aggression. Thus, violence was employed within the community in order to obtain and maintain individual or collective social status, but also against other communities in an effort to protect property and territory. Particularly the intracommunity aggression was soon transformed into variety of different formal ways of symbolic fighting, which usually did not lead to the unwanted death of a defeated member of the community. The symbolic struggle between members of the community as well as the defense against external aggression were gradually formalized in the form of introduction of specialized weapons designed for combat between people and creation of fortifications. During the Neolithic period a new phenomenon arose in human culture: warfare. Workplace Institute of Archaeology (Prague) Contact Lada Šlesingerová, slesingerova@arup.cas.cz, Tel.: 257 014 412 Year of Publishing 2018
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