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Observatory data as a proxy of space weather parameters: The importance of historical archives
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SYSNO ASEP 0481984 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Observatory data as a proxy of space weather parameters: The importance of historical archives Author(s) Hejda, Pavel (GFU-E) ORCID, RID Source Title Journal of Indian Geophysical Union - ISSN 0257-7968
Roč. 20, Č. 2 (2016), s. 47-53Number of pages 7 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country IN - India Keywords geomagnetic observatory ; geomagnetic indices ; sunspot members ; space weather Subject RIV DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography OECD category Physical geography R&D Projects LM2010008 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Institutional support GFU-E - RVO:67985530 UT WOS 000406439700011 Annotation Old geomagnetic observations are traditionally understood to be an important source of information about the structure and temporal behaviour (secular variation) of the internal geomagnetic field. A compilation of geomagnetic data from various parts of the world, recorded over several years allowed Gauss (1839) to separate the magnetic field into its parts of internal and external origin, and to prove that most of the geomagnetic field was of internal origin. Each day satellites produce a huge amount of data on processes on the Sun, in the solar wind and in the Earth's environment, however, their span of operation is too short to allow for understanding of these processes and changes therein in the long term. On the other hand, geomagnetic observatories have been in operation for about 180 years. Back ward reconstruction of solar processes may be possible based on the time series of various indices derived from observatory data that reflect responses to different combinations of solar wind parameters. Thus, digitization of these analogue observatory records and their printed records has become nowadays an exigent task. This paper contains a historical review of magnetic studies and measurements since the 16th century, followed by a case study in digitizing old magnetograms from the Prague-Clementinum Observatory. The problems connected with digitization, scaling and further processing of the data are discussed and preliminary results presented. Workplace Geophysical Institute Contact Hana Krejzlíková, kniha@ig.cas.cz, Tel.: 267 103 028 Year of Publishing 2018
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