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The process of ghost-rock karstification and its role in the formation of cave systems
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SYSNO ASEP 0435297 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title The process of ghost-rock karstification and its role in the formation of cave systems Author(s) Dubois, C. (BE)
Quinif, Y. (BE)
Baele, J.-M. (BE)
Barriquand, L. (FR)
Bini, A. (IT)
Bruxelles, L. (FR)
Dandurand, G. (FR)
Havron, C. (BE)
Kaufmann, O. (BE)
Lans, B. (FR)
Maire, R. (FR)
Martin, J. (FR)
Rodet, J. (FR)
Rowberry, Matthew David (USMH-B) RID, ORCID, SAI
Tognini, P. (IT)
Vergari, A. (BE)Number of authors 16 Source Title Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0012-8252
Roč. 131, APR (2014), s. 116-148Number of pages 33 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country NL - Netherlands Keywords chemical weathering ; ghost-rock ; karstification ; limestone dissolution ; speleogenesis Subject RIV DE - Earth Magnetism, Geodesy, Geography Institutional support USMH-B - RVO:67985891 UT WOS 000334004500005 EID SCOPUS 84894417428 DOI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.01.006 Annotation This paper presents an extensive review of the process of ghost-rock karstification and highlights its role in the formation of cave systems. The process integrates chemical weathering and mechanical erosion and extends a number of existing theories pertaining to continental landscape development. It is a two stage process that differs in many respects from the traditional single-stage process of karstification by total removal. The first stage is characterised by chemical dissolution and removal of the soluble species. It requires low hydrodynamic energy and creates a ghost-rock feature filled with residual alterite. The second stage is characterised by mechanical erosion of the undissolved particles. It requires high hydrodynamic energy and it is only then that open galleries are created. The transition from the first stage to the second is driven by the amount of energy within the thermodynamic system. The process is illustrated by detailed field observations and the results of the laboratory analyses of samples taken from the karstotype area around Soignies in southern Belgium. Thereafter, a series of case studies provide a synthesis of field observations and laboratory analyses from across western Europe. These studies come from geologically distinct parts of Belgium, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom. The process of ghost-rock karstification challenges a number of axioms associated with the process of karstification by total removal. On the basis of the evidence presented it is argued that it is no longer acceptable to use karst morphologies as a basis with which to infer specific karstogenetic processes and it is no longer necessary for a karst system to relate to base level as ghost-rock karstification proceeds along transmissive pathways in the rock. There is also some evidence to suggest that ghost-rock karstification may be superseded by karstification by total removal, and vice versa, according to the amount of energy within the thermodynamic systém. Workplace Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Contact Iva Švihálková, svihalkova@irsm.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 009 216 Year of Publishing 2015
Number of the records: 1