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Diffusing up the Hill: Dynamics and Equipartition in Highly Unstable Systems

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    0497952 - ÚPT 2019 RIV US eng J - Journal Article
    Šiler, Martin - Ornigotti, L. - Brzobohatý, Oto - Jákl, Petr - Ryabov, A. - Holubec, V. - Zemánek, Pavel - Filip, R.
    Diffusing up the Hill: Dynamics and Equipartition in Highly Unstable Systems.
    Physical Review Letters. Roč. 121, č. 23 (2018), č. článku 23601. ISSN 0031-9007. E-ISSN 1079-7114
    R&D Projects: GA ČR GB14-36681G; GA MŠMT(CZ) LO1212; GA MŠMT ED0017/01/01
    Institutional support: RVO:68081731
    Keywords : Brownian particle * highly unstable systems
    OECD category: Optics (including laser optics and quantum optics)
    Impact factor: 9.227, year: 2018

    Stochastic motion of particles in a highly unstable potential generates a number of diverging trajectories leading to undefined statistical moments of the particle position. This makes experiments challenging and breaks down a standard statistical analysis of unstable mechanical processes and their applications. A newly proposed approach takes advantage of the local characteristics of the most probable particle motion instead of the divergent averages. We experimentally verify its theoretical predictions for a Brownian particle moving near an inflection in a highly unstable cubic optical potential. The most likely position of the particle atypically shifts against the force, despite the trajectories diverging in the opposite direction. The local uncertainty around the most likely position saturates even for strong diffusion and enables well-resolved position detection. Remarkably, the measured particle distribution quickly converges to a quasistationary one with the same atypical shift for different initial particle positions. The demonstrated experimental confirmation of the theoretical predictions approves the utility of local characteristics for highly unstable systems which can be exploited in thermodynamic processes to uncover energetics of unstable systems.
    Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0290400

     
     
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