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Towards a New Research Era. A Global Comparison of Research Distortions

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    SYSNO ASEP0572251
    Document TypeM - Monograph Chapter
    R&D Document TypeMonograph Chapter
    TitleValues and Evaluation. Co-evolution of Science and Society
    Author(s) Loudín, Jiří (FLU-F) RID, ORCID, SAI
    Source TitleTowards a New Research Era. A Global Comparison of Research Distortions. - Leiden : Brill, 2023 / Hrubec M. ; Višňovský E. - ISBN 978-90-04-54493-2
    Pagess. 45-58
    Number of pages14 s.
    Number of pages256
    Publication formPrint - P
    Languageeng - English
    CountryNL - Netherlands
    Keywordsscience policy ; research evaluation ; interface science-society
    Subject RIVAA - Philosophy ; Religion
    OECD categoryPhilosophy, History and Philosophy of science and technology
    Institutional supportFLU-F - RVO:67985955
    DOI https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004546035_005
    AnnotationThe chapter delivers an analysis of mutual relationships of science and society – how progress of scientific knowledge coincides and harmonizes with social values, goals and interests and how it is reflected in science policy incl. research evaluation. The evolution of science policy in second half of 20th century reflects changes of social climate and value orientation of society: post-war large autonomy of science was replaced (in the 1960s-1970s) by governmental efforts to guide science towards social goals. In the 1980s, science policy was in fact – under the pressure of growing globalization – transformed into innovation policy (periodization by Jamison and Elzinga). Economic accents are apparent also in NPM (New Public Management) that arises gradually on relevance in the 1990s. It comprises the key principles of neoliberal policy with its stress on effectivity, competition, accountability that should be applied in management and evaluation of research. In reality, NPM is being employed quite differently and selectively in national science policies. Concepts such as knowledge society or scientification of society depict increasing societal role of science while, paradoxically, trust in science is rather decreasing in some Western countries. Dynamic times contest habitual practices, however, science often cannot readily deliver easily comprehensible and feasible solutions. Integral parts of scientific efforts are also scepticism, critical reflections, failures. Recent multiple (financial, climate, pandemic) crises pose grand challenges for science: to develop strategy how to cope with uncertainties and crises and strengthen resilience towards hazards and disasters.
    WorkplaceInstitute of Philosophy
    ContactChlumská Simona, chlumska@flu.cas.cz ; Tichá Zuzana, asep@flu.cas.cz Tel: 221 183 360
    Year of Publishing2024
    Electronic addresshttps://doi.org/10.1163/9789004546035_005
Number of the records: 1  

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