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Two small volcanoes, one inside the other: geophysical and drilling investigation of Bažina maar in western Eger Rift

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    SYSNO ASEP0574345
    Document TypeJ - Journal Article
    R&D Document TypeJournal Article
    Subsidiary JČlánek ve WOS
    TitleTwo small volcanoes, one inside the other: geophysical and drilling investigation of Bažina maar in western Eger Rift
    Author(s) Hrubcová, Pavla (GFU-E) ORCID, RID
    Fischer, T. (CZ)
    Rapprich, V. (CZ)
    Valenta, J. (CZ)
    Tábořík, P. (CZ)
    Mrlina, Jan (GFU-E) ORCID, RID
    Dahm, T. (DE)
    Vylita, T. (CZ)
    Beránek, Roman (GFU-E) ORCID, SAI
    Klanica, Radek (GFU-E) RID, ORCID, SAI
    Vlček, J. (CZ)
    Turjaková, Veronika (GFU-E)
    Article numbere2023EA003009
    Source TitleEarth and Space Science. - : American Geophysical Union - ISSN 2333-5084
    Roč. 10, č. 8 (2023)
    Number of pages21 s.
    Publication formOnline - E
    Languageeng - English
    CountryUS - United States
    Keywordsdrilling ; Eger Rift ; electrical resistivity tomography ; gravity survey ; maar-diatreme volcano ; magnetometry
    OECD categoryVolcanology
    R&D ProjectsEF16_013/0001800 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS)
    LM2015079 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS)
    Method of publishingOpen access
    Institutional supportGFU-E - RVO:67985530
    UT WOS001042207400001
    EID SCOPUS85166746351
    DOI https://doi.org/10.1029/2023EA003009
    AnnotationMaar-diatreme volcanoes are small volcanic structures with a funnel-shaped crater surrounded by a tephra-ring. They are usually formed by the explosive phreatomagmatic eruptions when groundwater comes into the contact with magma. We focus on such a structure in the geodynamically active western Eger Rift (Czech Republic) and present results from multidisciplinary geophysical investigation calibrated by drilling in the newly discovered Pleistocene Bažina maar. We evaluated morphological (LiDAR-based DEM) data and confirmed the existence of a maar-diatreme structure by combined geophysical methods. In the map view, they revealed circular negative gravity anomaly, funnel-shape low-resistivity anomaly, and strong magnetic anomaly. These results allowed for the optimal location of two boreholes in the maar crater, which evinced its contact with country rocks and lithologies of the maar-diatreme filling. The drilling revealed coherent volcanic rocks and volcaniclastic deposits, moreover, it revealed a presence of a pyroclastic cone with the olivine nephelinite feeding conduit. Further investigations disclosed maar structure and subsequent pyroclastic cone(s) with several generations of eruptions and systematic decrease of water influence on the eruption style. Different eruption styles suggest a unique evolution of two volcanoes, one inside the other. The age of the Bažina maar eruption, estimated from the reverse polarity of the detected magnetic anomaly, implies that the effusion and solidification of the lava during the eruption must be older than 0.78 Ma (Pleistocene). This points to an active volcanism in the western Eger Rift in a span of ∼0.5 Ma, where Bažina represents the oldest (maybe opening) phase.
    WorkplaceGeophysical Institute
    ContactHana Krejzlíková, kniha@ig.cas.cz, Tel.: 267 103 028
    Year of Publishing2024
    Electronic addresshttps://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2023EA003009
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