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Soluble mediators of innate immunity in annelids and bivalve mollusks: A mini-review
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SYSNO ASEP 0565571 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Soluble mediators of innate immunity in annelids and bivalve mollusks: A mini-review Author(s) Canesi, L. (IT)
Auguste, M. (IT)
Balbi, T. (IT)
Procházková, Petra (MBU-M) RID, ORCIDArticle number 1051155 Source Title Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media - ISSN 1664-3224
Roč. 13, December 2 (2022)Number of pages 9 s. Language eng - English Country CH - Switzerland Keywords Innate immunity ; invertebrate ; earthworm ; bivalves ; antimicrobial peptides ; cytokines Subject RIV EE - Microbiology, Virology OECD category Microbiology Method of publishing Open access Institutional support MBU-M - RVO:61388971 UT WOS 000899161700001 EID SCOPUS 85144156530 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051155 Annotation Annelids and mollusks, both in the superphylum of Lophotrochozoa (Bilateria), are important ecological groups, widespread in soil, freshwater, estuarine, and marine ecosystems. Like all invertebrates, they lack adaptive immunity, however, they are endowed with an effective and complex innate immune system (humoral and cellular defenses) similar to vertebrates. The lack of acquired immunity and the capacity to form antibodies does not mean a lack of specificity: invertebrates have evolved genetic mechanisms capable of
producing thousands of different proteins from a small number of genes, providing high variability and diversity of immune effector molecules just like their vertebrate counterparts. This diversity allows annelids and mollusks to recognize and eliminate a wide range of pathogens and respond to environmental stressors. Effector molecules can kill invading microbes, reduce their pathogenicity, or regulate the immune response at cellular and systemic levels. Annelids and mollusks are ´typical´ lophotrochozoan protostome since both groups include aquatic species with trochophore larvae, which unite both taxa in a common ancestry. Moreover, despite their extensive utilization in immunological research, no model systems are available as there are with other invertebrate groups, such as Caenorhabditis elegans or
Drosophila melanogaster, and thus, their immune potential is largely unexplored. In this work, we focus on two classes of key soluble mediators of immunity, i.e., antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and cytokines, in annelids and bivalves, which are the most studied mollusks. The mediators have been of interest from their first identification to recent advances in molecular studies that clarified their role in the immune response.
Workplace Institute of Microbiology Contact Eliška Spurná, eliska.spurna@biomed.cas.cz, Tel.: 241 062 231 Year of Publishing 2023 Electronic address https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051155/full
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