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Soils as an environmental record of changes between Iron Age and Medieval occupations at Chotěbuz-Podobora hillfort
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SYSNO ASEP 0564185 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Soils as an environmental record of changes between Iron Age and Medieval occupations at Chotěbuz-Podobora hillfort Author(s) Poledník Mohammadi, S. (CZ)
Horák, J. (CZ)
Lisá, Lenka (GLU-S) RID, SAI, ORCID
Gryc, Jana (ARUB-Q) RID, ORCID
Grison, Hana (GFU-E) RID, ORCID, SAI
Bajer, A. (CZ)
Šmejda, L. (CZ)Article number 116259 Source Title Geoderma. - : Elsevier - ISSN 0016-7061
Roč. 429, January (2023)Number of pages 14 s. Publication form Print - P Language eng - English Country NL - Netherlands Keywords Geoarchaeology ; Geochemistry ; Magnetic susceptibility ; Micromorphology ; Pedology OECD category Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7) R&D Projects LTC19029 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support GLU-S - RVO:67985831 ; ARUB-Q - RVO:68081758 ; GFU-E - RVO:67985530 UT WOS 000954604100001 EID SCOPUS 85142126328 DOI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116259 Annotation The geochemical signal of anthropogenic soils reflects past settlement activities. The soils which are a part of an archaeological archive at a multi-phase hillfort Chotˇebuz-Podobora were formed under the significant influence of Early Iron Age and Medieval occupation and various subsequent factors at different parts of the hillfort. The hillfort layout is divided into three parts distinguished by different geomorphological characteristics, the acropolis, 1st bailey and 2nd bailey. While the original morphology of the 1st and 2nd bailey was relatively flat, the acropolis surface was under the slope. All these parts were drilled and detected archaeological strata studied in terms of their geochemical composition and magnetic susceptibility, including its frequency dependence. Finally, the soil horizons typical for each of the part of hillfort were studied micromorphologically. The soil record detected at the site contained high amount of phosphorus, even higher than usually recorded at abandoned medieval villages. Based on areal and stratigraphic distribution were discovered three groups of elements: 1) elements with maxima in “Archaeology” category (Si, P, Ti, Mn, Sr, Zr), 2) elements with maxima in “Topsoil” category (Cu, Zn, As, Pb, LE and Fe, Mn partially), 3) elements with maxima in “C” category (Al, K, Rb and partially Fe). The values of magnetic susceptibility (χ) increased mainly in the topsoil of 2nd bailey. Frequency dependent susceptibility (χFD%) reached the highest values in the archaeological layer with spatial diversity in 1st and 2nd baileys. The high χFD% values confirmed that the Hallstatt horizon at acropolis is redeposited soil, not only redeposited dumping. The oldest human presence is attested by the development of soil reflecting the presence of organic residues. After the first abandonment of the site at the end of Hallstatt period was the organic rich horizon eroded and accumulated at one side of the acropolis. The surface of the acropolis became flatter and levelled. The soil development in the Medieval period was highly influenced by an aggradation of material originally used for different types of building constructions. The presence of anthropogenic elements reflects in that time not only the deposition of organic matter but also the deposition of ash. While the acropolis was heavily occupied, and its geomorphology dramatically changed over time, the 1st bailey served mainly as a production space. The function of the 2nd bailey stays unsolved due to its poor preservation. The most recent human influence in the soil record is visible in the topsoil, first as the result of agricultural practices and second as the contamination by Pb and magnetic particles resulting from the atmospheric pollution. Workplace Institute of Geology Contact Jana Popelková, popelkova@gli.cas.cz, Sabina Janíčková, Tel.: 233 087 272 Year of Publishing 2024 Electronic address https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706122005663?via%3Dihub
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