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Modification of subcutaneous white adipose tissue inflammation by omega-3 fatty acids is limited in human obesity-a double blind, randomised clinical trial
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SYSNO ASEP 0556203 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Modification of subcutaneous white adipose tissue inflammation by omega-3 fatty acids is limited in human obesity-a double blind, randomised clinical trial Author(s) Fisk, H. L. (GB)
Childs, C. E. (GB)
Miles, E. A. (GB)
Ayres, R. (GB)
Noakes, P. S. (GB)
Paras-Chavez, C. (GB)
Kuda, Ondřej (FGU-C) RID, ORCID, SAI
Kopecký, Jan (FGU-C) RID, ORCID
Antoun, E. (GB)
Lillycrop, K. A. (GB)
Calder, P. C. (GB)Article number 103909 Source Title EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier - ISSN 2352-3964
Roč. 77, Mar (2022)Number of pages 19 s. Language eng - English Country GB - United Kingdom Keywords adipose tissue ; inflammation ; obesity ; LC n-3 PUFA ; lipids ; immune system OECD category Endocrinology and metabolism (including diabetes, hormones) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support FGU-C - RVO:67985823 UT WOS 000794033100006 EID SCOPUS 85125494272 DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103909 Annotation Background:Obesity is associated with enhanced inflammation. However, investigation in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) is limited and the mechanisms by which inflammation occurs have not been well elucidated. Marine long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) have anti-inflammatory actions and may reduce scWAT inflammation.Methods:Subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) biopsies were collected from individuals living with obesity (n=45) and normal weight individuals (n=39) prior to and following a 12-week intervention with either 3 g/day of a fish oil concentrate (providing 1.1 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + 0.8 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) or 3 g/day of corn oil. ScWAT fatty acid, oxylipin, and transcriptome profiles were assessed by gas chromatography, ultra-pure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR, respectively.Findings:Obesity was associated with greater scWAT inflammation demonstrated by lower concentrations of specialised pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and hydroxy-DHA metabolites and an altered transcriptome with differential expression of genes involved in LC n-3 PUFA activation, oxylipin synthesis, inflammation, and immune response. Intervention with LC n-3 PUFAs increased their respective metabolites including the SPM precursor 14-hydroxy-DHA in normal weight individuals and decreased arachidonic acid derived metabolites and expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory response with a greater effect in normal weight individuals. Workplace Institute of Physiology Contact Lucie Trajhanová, lucie.trajhanova@fgu.cas.cz, Tel.: 241 062 400 Year of Publishing 2023 Electronic address https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103909
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