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Repeated MDA5 Gene Loss in Birds: An Evolutionary Perspective
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SYSNO ASEP 0554930 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Repeated MDA5 Gene Loss in Birds: An Evolutionary Perspective Author(s) Krchlíková, Veronika (UMG-J)
Hron, Tomáš (UMG-J)
Těšický, M. (CZ)
Li, T. (CZ)
Hejnar, Jiří (UMG-J) RID
Vinkler, M. (CZ)
Elleder, Daniel (UMG-J) RIDNumber of authors 7 Article number 2131 Source Title Viruses. - : MDPI
Roč. 13, č. 11 (2021)Number of pages 12 s. Publication form Online - E Language eng - English Country CH - Switzerland Keywords avian genome ; viral sensors ; innate immunity ; gene loss Subject RIV EB - Genetics ; Molecular Biology OECD category Virology R&D Projects GA20-22063S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support UMG-J - RVO:68378050 UT WOS 000725811500001 DOI 10.3390/v13112131 Annotation Two key cytosolic receptors belonging to the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) family sense the viral RNA-derived danger signals: RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5). Their activation establishes an antiviral state by downstream signaling that ultimately activates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). While in rare cases RIG-I gene loss has been detected in mammalian and avian species, most notably in the chicken, MDA5 pseudogenization has only been detected once in mammals. We have screened over a hundred publicly available avian genome sequences and describe an independent disruption of MDA5 in two unrelated avian lineages, the storks (Ciconiiformes) and the rallids (Gruiformes). The results of our RELAX analysis confirmed the absence of negative selection in the MDA5 pseudogene. In contrast to our prediction, we have shown, using multiple dN/dS-based approaches, that the MDA5 loss does not appear to have resulted in any compensatory evolution in the RIG-I gene, which may partially share its ligand-binding specificity. Together, our results indicate that the MDA5 pseudogenization may have important functional effects on immune responsiveness in these two avian clades. Workplace Institute of Molecular Genetics Contact Nikol Škňouřilová, nikol.sknourilova@img.cas.cz, Tel.: 241 063 217 Year of Publishing 2022 Electronic address https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2131
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