COMET ASSAY IN TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION

0484777 - ÚEB 2018 RIV GB eng M - Monography Chapter
Gichner, Tomáš - Znidar, I. - Wagner, E. D. - Plewa, M. J.
The Use of Higher Plants in the Comet Assay.
Issues in Toxicology. In: COMET ASSAY IN TOXICOLOGY, 2ND EDITION. London: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017 - (Dhawan, A.; Anderson, D.), Roč. 30 (2017), s. 112-133. ISBN 978-1-78262-287-1
Institutional support: RVO:61389030
Keywords : cell gel-electrophoresis * induced dna-damage * cultured tobacco cells * ethyl methanesulfonate * ionizing-radiation * somatic mutations * maleic hydrazide * strand breaks * root-cells * vicia-faba
OECD category: Plant sciences, botany
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/chapter/bk9781782622871-00112/978-1-78262-287-1

The global plant biomass represents over 90% of the total mass of the living
biota. The food and feed chain of the biosphere begins with plants, however,
the genotoxic effects of chemical pollutants on plant systems have often
been overlooked. Plants are exposed to many environmental pollutants that
are globally dispersed through aerial or aqueous pathways. In addition,
agronomic crops as well as other plants are deliberately exposed to pesticides
and other chemicals applied in modern agriculture. These pollutants
may be not only a serious hazard for the plants themselves, but also for
animals, including people who use these plants for food or feed.
Assays to detect the genotoxicity of these pollutants are at present not
available for most plant species. This limitation hampers or prevents the
detection of the genotoxicity of xenobiotics in plants growing, for example,
on polluted soil. To overcome the limitation, the Comet assay can be applied
to detect DNA damage in plants. Although this technique has been primarily applied to animal cells, the incorporation of the Comet assay with plant
tissues significantly extends the utility of plants in basic and applied
studies in environmental mutagenesis and toxicology. In theory, the Comet
assay can be used with every plant species.
This review focuses on the Comet assay in higher plants. Data on the Comet
assay in lower plants (fungi and algae) are presented in a recent review.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0279922