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Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe
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SYSNO ASEP 0473355 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe Author(s) Schmid, B. V. (NO)
Büntgen, Ulf (UEK-B) RID, ORCID, SAI
Easterday, W. R. (NO)
Ginzler, Ch. (CH)
Walloe, L. (NO)
Bramanti, B. (NO)
Stenseth, N. C. (NO)Number of authors 7 Source Title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences - ISSN 0027-8424
Roč. 112, č. 10 (2015), s. 3020-3025Number of pages 6 s. Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords yersinia-pestis ; xenopsylla-cheopis ; bubonic plague ; central-asia ; synchrony ; dynamics ; transmission ; temperature ; populations ; thresholds ; Yersinia pestis ; medieval epidemiology ; climate-driven disease dynamics Subject RIV EH - Ecology, Behaviour Institutional support RVO:67179843 - RVO:67179843 UT WOS 000350646500041 EID SCOPUS 84924384863 DOI https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1412887112 Annotation The Black Death, originating in Asia, arrived in the Mediterranean harbors of Europe in 1347 CE, via the land and sea trade routes of the ancient Silk Road system. This epidemic marked the start of the second plague pandemic, which lasted in Europe until the early 19th century. This pandemic is generally understood as the consequence of a singular introduction of Yersinia pestis, after which the disease established itself in European rodents over four centuries. To locate these putative plague reservoirs, we studied the climate fluctuations that preceded regional plague epidemics, based on a dataset of 7,711 georeferenced historical plague outbreaks and 15 annually resolved tree-ring records from Europe and Asia. We provide evidence for repeated climate-driven reintroductions of the bacterium into European harbors from reservoirs in Asia, with a delay of 15 +/- 1 y. Our analysis finds no support for the existence of permanent plague reservoirs in medieval Europe. Workplace Global Change Research Institute Contact Nikola Šviková, svikova.n@czechglobe.cz, Tel.: 511 192 268 Year of Publishing 2017
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