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Evaluating arbitrary strain configurations and doping in graphene with Raman spectroscopy
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SYSNO ASEP 0483996 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Evaluating arbitrary strain configurations and doping in graphene with Raman spectroscopy Author(s) Mueller, N. S. (DE)
Heeg, S. (GB)
Peňa-Álvarez, Miriam (UFCH-W)
Kusch, P. (DE)
Wasserroth, S. (DE)
Clark, N. (GB)
Schedin, F. (GB)
Parthenios, J. (GR)
Papagelis, K. (GR)
Galiotis, C. (GR)
Kalbáč, Martin (UFCH-W) RID, ORCID
Vijayaraghavan, A. (GB)
Huebner, U. (DE)
Gorbachev, R. (GB)
Frank, Otakar (UFCH-W) RID, ORCID
Reich, S. (DE)Article number 015016 Source Title 2D Materials. - : Institute of Physics Publishing - ISSN 2053-1583
Roč. 5, č. 1 (2018)Number of pages 10 s. Language eng - English Country GB - United Kingdom Keywords graphene ; Raman ; strain ; doping ; correlation analysis ; circular polarization Subject RIV CF - Physical ; Theoretical Chemistry OECD category Physical chemistry R&D Projects GA17-18702S GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) LL1301 GA MŠMT - Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support UFCH-W - RVO:61388955 UT WOS 000414649800001 EID SCOPUS 85040102863 DOI 10.1088/2053-1583/aa90b3 Annotation The properties of graphene depend sensitively on strain and doping affecting its behavior in devices and allowing an advanced tailoring of this material. A knowledge of the strain configuration, i.e. the relative magnitude of the components of the strain tensor, is particularly crucial, because it governs effects like band-gap opening, pseudo-magnetic fields, and induced superconductivity. It also enters critically in the analysis of the doping level. We propose a method for evaluating unknown strain configurations and simultaneous doping in graphene using Raman spectroscopy. In our analysis we first extract the bare peak shift of the G and 2D modes by eliminating their splitting due to shear strain. The shifts from hydrostatic strain and doping are separated by a correlation analysis of the 2D and G frequencies, where we find Delta omega(2D)/Delta omega(G) = 2.21 +/- 0.05 for pure hydrostatic strain. We obtain the local hydrostatic strain, shear strain and doping without any assumption on the strain configuration prior to the analysis, as we demonstrate for two model cases: Graphene under uniaxial stress and graphene suspended on nanostructures that induce strain. Raman scattering with circular corotating polarization is ideal for analyzing frequency shifts, especially for weak strain when the peak splitting by shear strain cannot be resolved. Workplace J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry Contact Michaela Knapová, michaela.knapova@jh-inst.cas.cz, Tel.: 266 053 196 Year of Publishing 2019
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