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Climatic stability and geological history shape global centers of neo- and paleoendemism in seed plants
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SYSNO ASEP 0576838 Document Type J - Journal Article R&D Document Type Journal Article Subsidiary J Článek ve WOS Title Climatic stability and geological history shape global centers of neo- and paleoendemism in seed plants Author(s) Cai, L. (DE)
Kreft, H. (DE)
Taylor, A. (DE)
Schrader, J. (DE)
Dawson, W. (GB)
Essl, F. (AT)
van Kleunen, M. (DE)
Pergl, Jan (BU-J) RID, ORCID
Pyšek, Petr (BU-J) RID, ORCID
Winter, M. (DE)
Weigelt, P. (DE)Article number e2300981120 Source Title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences - ISSN 0027-8424
Roč. 120, č. 30 (2023)Number of pages 9 s. Language eng - English Country US - United States Keywords seed plants ; endemism ; climate OECD category Ecology R&D Projects GX19-28807X GA ČR - Czech Science Foundation (CSF) Method of publishing Open access Institutional support BU-J - RVO:67985939 UT WOS 001089181900003 EID SCOPUS 85165057605 DOI 10.1073/pnas.2300981120 Annotation Assessing the distribution of geographically restricted and evolutionarily unique species and their underlying drivers is key to understanding biogeographical processes and critical for global conservation prioritization. Here, we quantified the geographic distribution and drivers of phylogenetic endemism for ~320,000 seed plants worldwide and identified centers and drivers of evolutionarily young (neoendemism) and evolutionarily old endemism (paleoendemism). Tropical and subtropical islands as well as tropical mountain regions displayed the world’s highest phylogenetic endemism. Most tropical rainforest regions emerged as centers of paleoendemism, while most Mediterranean-climate regions showed high neoendemism. Centers where high neo-and paleoendemism coincide emerged on some oceanic and continental fragment islands, in Mediterranean-climate regions and parts of the Irano-Turanian floristic region. Global variation in phylogenetic endemism was well explained by a combination of past and present environmental factors (79.8 to 87.7% of variance explained) and most strongly related to environmental heterogeneity. Also, warm and wet climates, geographic isolation, and long-term climatic stability emerged as key drivers of phylogenetic endemism. Neo-and paleoendemism were jointly explained by climatic and geological history. Long-term climatic stability promoted the persistence of paleoendemics, while the isolation of oceanic islands and their unique geological histories promoted neoendemism. Mountainous regions promoted both neo-and paleoendemism, reflecting both diversification and persistence over time. Our study provides insights into the evolutionary underpinnings of biogeographical patterns in seed plants and identifies the areas on Earth with the highest evolutionary and biogeographical uniqueness. Workplace Institute of Botany Contact Martina Bartošová, martina.bartosova@ibot.cas.cz, ibot@ibot.cas.cz, Tel.: 271 015 242 ; Marie Jakšová, marie.jaksova@ibot.cas.cz, Tel.: 384 721 156-8 Year of Publishing 2024 Electronic address https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2300981120
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