The primate gut mycobiome-bacteriome interface is impacted by environmental and subsistence factors

0556215 - ÚBO 2023 RIV GB eng J - Journal Article
Sharma, A. K. - Davison, S. - Pafčo, Barbora - Clayton, J. B. - Rothman, J. M. - McLennan, M. R. - Cibot, M. - Fuh, T. - Vodička, R. - Robinson, C. J. - Petrželková, Klára Judita - Gomez, A.
The primate gut mycobiome-bacteriome interface is impacted by environmental and subsistence factors.
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes. Roč. 8, č. 1 (2022), č. článku 12. E-ISSN 2055-5008
R&D Projects: GA MŠMT(CZ) LTAUSA18209
Institutional support: RVO:68081766
Keywords : Pseudomonas-aeruginosa * Candida-albicans * lowland gorillas * fermented foods * in-vitro * fungi * diet * BaAka * chimpanzees * microbiome
OECD category: Microbiology
Impact factor: 9.2, year: 2022
Method of publishing: Open access
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41522-022-00274-3

The gut microbiome of primates is known to be influenced by both host genetic background and subsistence strategy. However, these inferences have been made mainly based on adaptations in bacterial composition the bacteriome and have commonly overlooked the fungal fraction the mycobiome. To further understand the factors that shape the gut mycobiome of primates and mycobiome-bacteriome interactions, we sequenced 16 S rRNA and ITS2 markers in fecal samples of four different nonhuman primate species and three human groups under different subsistence patterns (n = 149). The results show that gut mycobiome composition in primates is still largely unknown but highly plastic and weakly structured by primate phylogeny, compared with the bacteriome. We find significant gut mycobiome overlap between captive apes and human populations living under industrialized subsistence contexts, this is in contrast with contemporary hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists, who share more mycobiome traits with diverse wild-ranging nonhuman primates. In addition, mycobiome-bacteriome interactions were specific to each population, revealing that individual, lifestyle and intrinsic ecological factors affect structural correspondence, number, and kind of interactions between gut bacteria and fungi in primates. Our findings indicate a dominant effect of ecological niche, environmental factors, and diet over the phylogenetic background of the host, in shaping gut mycobiome composition and mycobiome-bacteriome interactions in primates.
Permanent Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11104/0330511